VERBENACEAE. 



311 



3. Verbena bonariensis L. SOUTH 

 AMERICAN VERVAIN. (Fig 330.) Annual, 

 villous-hirsute above. Stems 2-4 tall, 

 branching above; leaves oblong to oblong- 

 lanceolate, li' 4' long, serrate with broad 

 teeth or nearly entire below the middle, 

 partly clasping; spikes dense, about 1' long, 

 and 2J" thick, in rather compact cymes; 

 calyx delicately pubescent, becoming l\"- 

 2" long, its lobes acute; corolla pubescent 

 without, its tube nearly twice as long as 

 the calyx, the limb 1" broad; nutlets about 

 1" long, glabrous. 



Frequent in waste places. Naturalized. 

 Native of South America. Naturalized in the 

 southeastern United States, and in the moun- 

 tains of Jamaica. Flowers from spring to 

 autumn. 



4. Verbena rigida Spreng. STIFF VER- 

 BENA. (Fig. 331.) Perennial, pubescent, 

 rather stiff, simple, or branched from the 

 base, l-2 high. Leaves oblong, oblong- 

 lanceolate, or the lowest obovate, sessile, 

 l'-4' long, scabrous, .sharply serrate with 

 rather distant teeth, acute at the apex, 

 rounded or subcordate at the base; spikes 

 few, 1' 2' long, densely-flowered; bracts 

 lanceolate-subulate, mostly longer than the 

 calyx, ciliate; calyx about 3" long; corolla 

 purple, its slender, pubescent tube about 5" 

 long, the limb about 3" broad; nutlets 21" 

 long. [V. chamaedry folia of H. B. Small; 

 V. venosa Gill. & Hook.] 



Waste grounds, fields and lawns, occa- 

 sional, probably escaped from gardens. Intro- 

 duced. Native of South America. Flowers in 

 summer and autumn. 



Verbena chamaedrifolia Juss., GARDEN VERBENA, South American, with 

 oblong to ovate, short-petioled, unevenly serrate leaves l'-2' long, and scarlet 

 to red or purple flowers in compact terminal clusters, the narrow hirsute calyx 

 about long, the corolla-tube a little longer than the calyx, the corolla-limb 

 about I' broad, is widely grown in flower-gardens. There are a great many 

 hybrids of this with related species. 



Verbena erinoides Lam., Moss VERBENA, South American, has 3-parted 

 leaves, their segments pinnatifid into narrow lobes, and terminal spikes of 

 small violet or lilac flowers. It is recorded by Lefroy as grown in Bermuda 

 prior to 1877. [V. multifida R. & P.] 



2. IJPPIA Houst.; L. 



Perennial herbs, or shrubs, with opposite, or rarely alternate leaves, and 

 small bracted flowers, in spikes or heads. Calyx small, ovoid, campanulate or 



