JUNGERMANNIACEAE. 



467 



14. JUBULA Dumort. 



Dark green, never pigmented with red or brown. Stems prostrate, spar- 

 ingly branched, most of the branches arising at the bases of leaves without 

 lobules, rhizoids springing from the base of the underleaves. Leaves deeply 

 eomplicate-bilobed, the dorsal lobes much larger than the ventral, incubous, 

 widely spreading, ovate to orbicular, rounded to cuspidate, margin entire or 

 more or less spinose-dentate, lobules normally inflated, helmet-shaped, rarely 

 explanate and pointed ; leaf-cells with distinct trigones ; ocelli none. Under- 

 leaves smaller than the leaves, bifid with a narrow sinus and obtuse or acumi- 

 nate divisions, entire or sparingly spinose on the margins. Antheridia mostly 

 in pairs in the axils of saccate bracts with explanate lobules, the latter form- 

 ing more or less elongated androecia, rarely proliferating at the apex. Female 

 inflorescence borne on an elongated branch or on a subfloral innovation, with 

 one or two subfloral innovations arising in the same way as the branches of 

 Sadula; bracts larger than the leaves and with explanate lobules; bracteole 

 bifid, free. . Perianth sharply 3-keeled, with one keel ventral, abruptly con- 

 stricted into a short tubular beak. [Latin, a little mane.] About 10 species, 

 chiefly tropical. Type species: J. Hutchinsiae (Hook.) Dumort. 



1. Jubula pennsylvanica 



(Steph.) Evans. PENNSYLVANIA 

 JUBULA. (Fig. 516.) In loose 

 depressed mats or creeping among 

 other plants. Leaves loosely im- 

 bricated, the lobe rounded to apicu- 

 late, entire; lobule destitute of an 

 apical spur; underleaves with blunt 

 to acuminate divisions and entire 

 margins; inflorescence autoecious; 

 perichaetial bracts with abruptly 

 apieulate or acuminate lobes, en- 

 tire or unidentate. \Frullania 

 pennsylvanica Steph.] 



On wet rocks, Paynter's Vale, 

 M. A. Howe. Nova Scotia to Georgia, 

 west to Arkansas. 



15. FRULLANIA Eaddi. 



Dark green or more or less pigmented with yellow, brown or red. Stems 

 prostrate, ascending or pendent, more or less copiously branched, the branches 

 all arising at the bases of leaves without lobules, rhizoids springing from the 

 bases of the underleaves. Leaves deeply eomplicate-bilobed, the dorsal lobes 

 much larger than the ventral, incubous, widely spreading, ovate to orbicular, 

 usually entire; lobule normally inflated, helmet-shaped; leaf-cells with distinct 

 trigones; ocelli present in certain species. Underleaves smaller than the leaves, 



