﻿104 
  Elementary 
  Species 
  

  

  fluence 
  of 
  such 
  alterations 
  will 
  manifest 
  itself 
  

   in 
  most 
  cases 
  simply 
  in 
  new 
  numerical 
  propor- 
  

   tions. 
  Only 
  extremes 
  have 
  extreme 
  effects, 
  and 
  

   the 
  chance 
  for 
  the 
  weaker 
  sorts 
  to 
  be 
  complete- 
  

   ly 
  overthrown 
  is 
  therefore 
  very 
  small. 
  

  

  Any 
  one, 
  who 
  has 
  the 
  opportunity 
  of 
  observ- 
  

   ing 
  a 
  waste 
  field 
  during 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  years, 
  should 
  

   make 
  notes 
  concerning 
  the 
  numerical 
  propor- 
  

   tions 
  of 
  its 
  inhabitants. 
  Exact 
  figures 
  are 
  not 
  

   at 
  all 
  required; 
  approximate 
  estimates 
  will 
  or- 
  

   dinarily 
  prove 
  to 
  be 
  sufficient, 
  if 
  only 
  the 
  stand- 
  

   ard 
  remains 
  the 
  same 
  during 
  the 
  succeeding 
  

   years. 
  

  

  The 
  entire 
  mass 
  of 
  historic 
  evidence 
  goes 
  to 
  

   prove 
  that 
  the 
  same 
  conditions 
  have 
  always 
  

   prevailed, 
  from 
  the 
  very 
  beginning 
  of 
  cultiva- 
  

   tion 
  up 
  to 
  the 
  present 
  time. 
  The 
  origin 
  of 
  

   the 
  cultivation 
  of 
  cereals 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  sought 
  in 
  cen- 
  

   tral 
  Asia. 
  The 
  recent 
  researches 
  of 
  Solms- 
  

   Laubach 
  show 
  it 
  to 
  be 
  highly 
  probable 
  that 
  the 
  

   historic 
  origin 
  of 
  the 
  wheat 
  cultivated 
  in 
  China, 
  

   is 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  wheat 
  of 
  Egypt 
  and 
  

   Europe. 
  Remains 
  of 
  cereals 
  are 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  

   graves 
  of 
  Egyptian 
  mummies, 
  in 
  the 
  mounds 
  

   of 
  waste 
  material 
  of 
  the 
  lake-dwellings 
  of 
  Cen- 
  

   tral 
  Europe, 
  and 
  figures 
  of 
  cereals 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  

   seen 
  on 
  old 
  Roman 
  coins. 
  In 
  the 
  sepulchre 
  of 
  

   King 
  Ra-n-Woser 
  of 
  the 
  Fifth 
  Dynasty 
  of 
  

   Egypt, 
  who 
  lived 
  about 
  2000 
  years 
  B. 
  C., 
  two 
  

  

  