﻿442 
  Ever-sporting 
  Varieties 
  

  

  planting 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  original 
  earth 
  with 
  the 
  

   transplanted 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  plant. 
  From 
  this 
  he 
  

   concluded 
  that 
  the 
  observed 
  changes 
  were 
  due 
  

   to 
  the 
  inequality 
  of 
  the 
  climate. 
  This 
  involved 
  

   three 
  main 
  factors, 
  light, 
  moisture 
  and 
  tem- 
  

   perature. 
  On 
  the 
  mountains 
  the 
  light 
  is 
  more 
  

   intense, 
  the 
  air 
  drier 
  and 
  cooler. 
  Control-ex- 
  

   periments 
  were 
  made 
  on 
  the 
  mountains, 
  de- 
  

   priving 
  the 
  plants 
  of 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  light. 
  In 
  va- 
  

   rious 
  ways 
  they 
  were 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  shaded, 
  and 
  

   as 
  a 
  rule 
  responded 
  to 
  this 
  treatment 
  in 
  the 
  

   same 
  way 
  as 
  to 
  transplantation 
  to 
  the 
  plain 
  

   below. 
  Bonnier 
  concluded 
  that, 
  though 
  more 
  

   than 
  one 
  factor 
  takes 
  part 
  in 
  inciting 
  the 
  

   morphologic 
  changes, 
  light 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  consid- 
  

   ered 
  as 
  the 
  chief 
  agency. 
  The 
  response 
  is 
  to 
  

   be 
  considered 
  as 
  a 
  useful 
  one, 
  as 
  the 
  whole 
  

   structure 
  of 
  the 
  alpine 
  varieties 
  is 
  fitted 
  to 
  pro- 
  

   duce 
  a 
  large 
  amount 
  of 
  organic 
  material 
  in 
  a 
  

   short 
  time, 
  which 
  enables 
  the 
  plants 
  to 
  thrive 
  

   during 
  the 
  short 
  summers 
  and 
  long 
  winters 
  of 
  

   their 
  elevated 
  stations. 
  

  

  In 
  connection 
  with 
  these 
  studies 
  on 
  the 
  in- 
  

   fluences 
  of 
  alpine 
  climates, 
  Bonnier 
  has 
  inves- 
  

   tigated 
  the 
  internal 
  structure 
  of 
  arctic 
  plants, 
  

   and 
  made 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  experiments 
  on 
  growth 
  

   in 
  continuous 
  electric 
  light. 
  The 
  arctic 
  climate 
  

   is 
  cold, 
  but 
  wet, 
  and 
  the 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  leaves 
  

   is 
  correspondingly 
  loose, 
  though 
  the 
  plants 
  be- 
  

  

  