﻿654 
  Mutations 
  

  

  assuming 
  the 
  features 
  of 
  their 
  presumable 
  an- 
  

   cestors. 
  In 
  his 
  work 
  " 
  The 
  Survival 
  of 
  the 
  Un- 
  

   like," 
  Bailey 
  has 
  given 
  a 
  detailed 
  description 
  of 
  

   these 
  various 
  types. 
  Moreover, 
  he 
  has 
  closely 
  1 
  

   studied 
  the 
  causes 
  of 
  the 
  changes, 
  and 
  shown 
  

   the 
  great 
  tendency 
  of 
  the 
  tomatoes 
  to 
  vicinism. 
  

   By 
  far 
  the 
  larger 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  observed 
  cases 
  of 
  

   running 
  out 
  of 
  varieties 
  are 
  caused 
  by 
  acciden- 
  

   tal 
  crosses 
  through 
  the 
  agency 
  of 
  insects. 
  Even 
  

   improvements 
  are 
  not 
  rarely 
  due 
  to 
  this 
  cause. 
  

   Besides 
  these 
  common 
  and 
  often 
  unavoidable 
  

   changes, 
  others 
  of 
  greater 
  importance 
  occur 
  

   from 
  time 
  to 
  time. 
  Two 
  of 
  them 
  deserve 
  to 
  be 
  

   mentioned. 
  They 
  are 
  called 
  the 
  " 
  Upright 
  " 
  and 
  

   the 
  " 
  Mikado 
  : 
  types, 
  and 
  differ 
  as 
  much 
  or 
  

   even 
  more 
  from 
  their 
  parents 
  than 
  the 
  latter 
  do 
  

   from 
  any 
  one 
  of 
  their 
  wild 
  congeners. 
  Their 
  

   characters 
  come 
  true 
  from 
  seed. 
  The 
  " 
  Mika- 
  

   do 
  : 
  ' 
  race 
  or 
  the 
  Ly 
  coper 
  sicum 
  grandifolium 
  (L. 
  

   latifolium) 
  has 
  larger 
  and 
  fewer 
  leaflets 
  than 
  

   the 
  slender 
  and 
  somewhat 
  flimsy 
  foliage 
  of 
  the 
  

   common 
  form. 
  Flat 
  or 
  plane 
  blades 
  with 
  de- 
  

   current 
  margins 
  constitute 
  another 
  character. 
  

   This 
  variety, 
  however, 
  does 
  not 
  concern 
  our 
  

   present 
  discussion. 
  The 
  upright 
  type 
  has 
  stiff 
  

   and 
  self-sustaining 
  stems 
  and 
  branches, 
  resem- 
  

   bling 
  rather 
  a 
  potato-plant 
  than 
  a 
  tomato. 
  

   Hence 
  the 
  name 
  Lycopersicum 
  solanopsis 
  or 
  L. 
  

   validum, 
  under 
  which 
  it 
  is 
  usually 
  described. 
  

  

  