﻿810 
  Fluctuations 
  

  

  preciation 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  qualities 
  of 
  the 
  selected 
  

   plants 
  is 
  the 
  common 
  feature. 
  Morphological 
  

   characters, 
  and 
  the 
  capacity 
  of 
  yielding 
  the 
  

   desired 
  products, 
  are 
  the 
  first 
  points 
  that 
  

   strike 
  the 
  breeder. 
  The 
  relation 
  to 
  climate 
  and 
  

   the 
  dependence 
  on 
  manure 
  soon 
  follow, 
  but 
  the 
  

   physiological 
  and 
  chemical 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  problem 
  

   are 
  usually 
  slow 
  of 
  recognition 
  in 
  the 
  methods 
  

   of 
  selection. 
  When 
  visiting 
  Mr. 
  de 
  Vilmorin 
  at 
  

   Paris 
  some 
  years 
  ago, 
  I 
  inspected 
  his 
  laboratory 
  

   for 
  the 
  selection 
  of 
  potatoes. 
  In 
  the 
  method 
  in 
  

   use, 
  the 
  tubers 
  were 
  rubbed 
  to 
  pulp 
  and 
  the 
  

   starch 
  was 
  extracted 
  and 
  measured. 
  A 
  starch- 
  

   percentage 
  figure 
  was 
  determined 
  for 
  each 
  

   plant, 
  and 
  the 
  selection 
  of 
  the 
  tubers 
  for 
  plant- 
  

   ing 
  was 
  founded 
  upon 
  this 
  result, 
  In 
  the 
  same 
  

   way 
  wheat 
  has 
  been 
  selected 
  by 
  Dippe 
  at 
  

   Quedlinburg, 
  first 
  by 
  a 
  determination 
  of 
  its 
  

   nitrogenous 
  contents 
  in 
  general, 
  and 
  secondly 
  

   by 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  the 
  substances 
  which 
  deter- 
  

   mine 
  its 
  value 
  for 
  baking 
  purposes. 
  

  

  The 
  celebrated 
  rye 
  of 
  Schlanstedt 
  was 
  pro- 
  

   duced 
  by 
  the 
  late 
  Mr. 
  Einipau 
  in 
  a 
  similar 
  man- 
  

   ner 
  and 
  was 
  put 
  on 
  the 
  market 
  between 
  1880 
  and 
  

   1890 
  and 
  was 
  received 
  with 
  great 
  favor 
  through- 
  

   out 
  central 
  Europe, 
  especially 
  in 
  Germany 
  and 
  

   in 
  France. 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  tall 
  variety, 
  with 
  vigorous 
  

   stems 
  and 
  very 
  long 
  heads, 
  the 
  kernels 
  of 
  

   which 
  are 
  nearlv 
  double 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  