﻿Balanced 
  Crosses 
  277 
  

  

  compare 
  the 
  new 
  form 
  in 
  this 
  case 
  with 
  the 
  type 
  

   from 
  which 
  it 
  has 
  originated, 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  seen 
  

   that 
  the 
  new 
  character 
  does 
  not 
  find 
  its 
  mate, 
  

   or 
  its 
  opposite, 
  and 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  unpaired 
  in 
  the 
  

   hybrid. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  retrogressive 
  changes 
  the 
  vis- 
  

   ible 
  modification 
  is 
  due, 
  at 
  least 
  in 
  the 
  best 
  

   known 
  instances, 
  to 
  the 
  reduction 
  of 
  an 
  active 
  

   quality 
  to 
  a 
  state 
  of 
  inactivity 
  or 
  latency. 
  Now 
  

   if 
  we 
  make 
  a 
  cross 
  between 
  a 
  species 
  and 
  its 
  

   variety, 
  the 
  differentiating 
  character 
  will 
  be 
  

   due 
  to 
  the 
  same 
  internal 
  unit, 
  with 
  no 
  other 
  

   difference 
  than 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  active 
  in 
  the 
  species 
  

   and 
  latent 
  in 
  the 
  variety. 
  In 
  the 
  hybrid 
  these 
  

   two 
  corresponding 
  units 
  will 
  make 
  a 
  pair. 
  But 
  

   while 
  all 
  other 
  pairs 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  hybrid 
  indi- 
  

   viduals 
  consist 
  of 
  like 
  antagonists, 
  only 
  this 
  

   pair 
  consists 
  of 
  slightly 
  unlike 
  opponents. 
  

  

  This 
  conception 
  of 
  varietal 
  crosses 
  leads 
  to 
  

   three 
  assertions, 
  which 
  seem 
  justifiable 
  by 
  

   actual 
  experience. 
  

  

  First, 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  reason 
  for 
  a 
  diminution 
  of 
  

   the 
  fertility, 
  as 
  all 
  characters 
  are 
  paired 
  in 
  the 
  

   hybrid, 
  and 
  no 
  disturbance 
  whatever 
  ensues 
  in 
  

   its 
  internal 
  structure. 
  Secondly, 
  it 
  is 
  quite 
  in- 
  

   different, 
  how 
  the 
  two 
  types 
  are 
  combined, 
  or 
  

   which 
  of 
  them 
  is 
  chosen 
  as 
  pistillate 
  and 
  which 
  

   as 
  staminate 
  parent. 
  The 
  deviating 
  pair 
  will 
  

   have 
  the 
  same 
  constitution 
  in 
  both 
  cases, 
  being 
  

  

  