﻿302 
  Retrograde 
  Varieties 
  

  

  position 
  of 
  the 
  hybrid 
  offspring 
  for 
  any 
  single 
  

   instance, 
  irrespective 
  of 
  the 
  morphological 
  

   nature 
  of 
  the 
  qualities 
  involved. 
  

  

  Mendel 
  has 
  proved 
  the 
  correctness 
  of 
  these 
  

   deductions 
  by 
  his 
  experiments 
  with 
  peas, 
  and 
  

   by 
  combining 
  their 
  color 
  (yellow 
  or 
  green) 
  with 
  

   the 
  chemical 
  composition 
  (starch 
  or 
  sugar) 
  and 
  

   other 
  pairs 
  of 
  characters. 
  I 
  will 
  now 
  give 
  two 
  

   further 
  illustrations 
  afforded 
  by 
  crosses 
  of 
  the 
  

   ordinary 
  campion. 
  I 
  used 
  the 
  red-flowered 
  or 
  

   day-campion, 
  which 
  is 
  a 
  perennial 
  herb, 
  and 
  a 
  

   smooth 
  variety 
  of 
  the 
  white 
  evening-campion, 
  

   which 
  flowers 
  as 
  a 
  rule 
  in 
  the 
  first 
  summer. 
  

   The 
  combination 
  of 
  flower-color 
  and 
  pubescence 
  

   gave 
  the 
  following 
  composition 
  for 
  the 
  second 
  

   hybrid 
  generation: 
  

  

  Number 
  % 
  Calculation 
  

  

  Hairy 
  and 
  red 
  70 
  44 
  56.25% 
  

  

  Hairy 
  and 
  white 
  23 
  14 
  18.75% 
  

  

  Smooth 
  and 
  red 
  46 
  23 
  18.75% 
  

  

  Smooth 
  and 
  white 
  19 
  12 
  6.25% 
  

  

  For 
  the 
  combination 
  of 
  pubescence 
  and 
  the 
  

   capacity 
  of 
  flowering 
  in 
  the 
  first 
  year 
  I 
  found 
  : 
  

  

  Number 
  % 
  Calculated 
  

  

  Hairy, 
  flowering 
  286 
  52 
  56.25% 
  

  

  Hairy, 
  without 
  stem 
  .. 
  128 
  23 
  18.75% 
  

  

  Smooth, 
  flowering 
  96 
  17 
  18.75% 
  

  

  Smooth, 
  without 
  stem 
  42 
  8 
  6.25% 
  

  

  Many 
  other 
  cases 
  have 
  been 
  tested 
  by 
  dif- 
  

   ferent 
  writers 
  and 
  the 
  general 
  result 
  is 
  the 
  

  

  