﻿Experimental 
  Pedigree-Cultures 
  569 
  

  

  My 
  cultures 
  show 
  that 
  quite 
  the 
  opposite 
  is 
  

   to 
  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  fact. 
  All 
  organs 
  and 
  all 
  quali- 
  

   ties 
  of 
  lamarckiana 
  fluctuate 
  and 
  vary 
  in 
  a 
  

   more 
  or 
  less 
  evident 
  manner, 
  and 
  those 
  which 
  I 
  

   had 
  the 
  opportunity 
  of 
  examining 
  more 
  closely 
  

   were 
  found 
  to 
  comply 
  with 
  the 
  general 
  laws 
  of 
  

   fluctuation. 
  But 
  such 
  oscillating 
  changes 
  have 
  

   nothing 
  in 
  common 
  with 
  the 
  mutations. 
  Their 
  

   essential 
  character 
  is 
  the 
  heaping 
  up 
  of 
  slight 
  

   deviations 
  around 
  a 
  mean, 
  and 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  

   continuous 
  lines 
  of 
  increasing 
  deviations, 
  link- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  extremes 
  with 
  this 
  group. 
  Nothing 
  of 
  

   the 
  kind 
  is 
  observed 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  mutations. 
  

   There 
  is 
  no 
  mean 
  for 
  them 
  to 
  be 
  grouped 
  around 
  

   and 
  the 
  extreme 
  only 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  seen, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  

   wholly 
  unconnected 
  with 
  the 
  original 
  type. 
  It 
  

   might 
  be 
  supposed 
  that 
  on 
  closer 
  inspection 
  each 
  

   mutation 
  might 
  be 
  brought 
  into 
  connection 
  with 
  

   some 
  feature 
  of 
  the 
  fluctuating 
  variability. 
  But 
  

   this 
  is 
  not 
  the 
  case. 
  The 
  dwarfs 
  are 
  not 
  at 
  all 
  

   the 
  extreme 
  variants 
  of 
  structure, 
  as 
  the 
  fluctua- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  the 
  height 
  of 
  the 
  lamarckiana 
  never 
  de- 
  

   creases 
  or 
  even 
  approaches 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  dwarfs. 
  

   There 
  is 
  always 
  a 
  gap. 
  The 
  smallest 
  specimens 
  

   of 
  the 
  tall 
  type 
  are 
  commonly 
  the 
  weakest, 
  ac- 
  

   cording 
  to 
  the 
  general 
  rule 
  of 
  the 
  relationship 
  

   between 
  nourishment 
  and 
  variation, 
  but 
  the 
  

   tallest 
  dwarfs 
  are 
  of 
  course 
  the 
  most 
  robust 
  

   specimens 
  of 
  their 
  group. 
  

  

  