﻿Mutations 
  in 
  Horticulture 
  627 
  

  

  possible 
  about 
  the 
  methods 
  of 
  production 
  of 
  

   their 
  novelties. 
  Hence 
  it 
  is 
  simply 
  impossible 
  

   to 
  decide 
  the 
  question 
  on 
  the 
  basis 
  of 
  the 
  ex- 
  

   perience 
  of 
  the 
  breeders. 
  Even 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  

   same 
  novelty 
  arising 
  in 
  sundry 
  varieties 
  of 
  the 
  

   same 
  species, 
  the 
  question 
  as 
  to 
  common 
  origin, 
  

   by 
  means 
  of 
  crossing, 
  is 
  often 
  hard 
  to 
  decide, 
  

   as 
  for 
  instance 
  in 
  moss-roses 
  and 
  nectarines. 
  

   On 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  instances 
  are 
  on 
  record 
  

   where 
  the 
  same 
  novelty 
  has 
  appeared 
  at 
  differ- 
  

   ent 
  times, 
  often 
  at 
  long 
  intervals. 
  Such 
  is 
  the 
  

   case 
  with 
  the 
  butterfly-cyclamen, 
  a 
  form 
  with 
  

   wide-spreading 
  petals 
  which 
  originated 
  in 
  

   Martin's 
  nursery 
  in 
  England. 
  The 
  first 
  time 
  it 
  

   was 
  seen 
  it 
  was 
  thought 
  to 
  be 
  of 
  no 
  value, 
  and 
  

   was 
  thrown 
  away, 
  but 
  when 
  appearing 
  for 
  a 
  

   second 
  time 
  it 
  was 
  multiplied 
  and 
  eventually 
  

   placed 
  on 
  the 
  market. 
  Other 
  varieties 
  of 
  Cycla- 
  

   men, 
  as 
  for 
  instance 
  the 
  crested 
  forms, 
  are 
  also 
  

   known 
  to 
  have 
  originated 
  repeatedly. 
  

  

  In 
  concluding 
  this 
  series 
  of 
  examples 
  of 
  hor- 
  

   ticultural 
  mutations, 
  I 
  might 
  mention 
  two 
  

   cases, 
  which 
  have 
  occurred 
  in 
  my 
  own 
  experi- 
  

   mental 
  garden. 
  The 
  first 
  refers 
  to 
  a 
  tubular 
  

   dahlia. 
  It 
  has 
  ray-florets, 
  the 
  ligules 
  of 
  which 
  

   have 
  their 
  margins 
  grown 
  together 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  

   form 
  tubes, 
  with 
  the 
  outer 
  surface 
  correspond- 
  

   ing 
  to 
  the 
  pale 
  under-surface 
  of 
  the 
  corolla. 
  

  

  This 
  novelty 
  originated 
  in 
  a 
  single 
  plant 
  in 
  a 
  

  

  