238 CONDITION OF THE BONES. 



The wild cat (Felis catus, L.) 



The hedgehog (Erinaceus europceus, L.) 



The bear ( Ursus arctos, L.) 



The mouse ( MILS flavicollis, Mel.). 



There are also traces of a smaller species of ox. The Lithu- 

 anian aurochs (Bison europwus) has been found, though rarely, 

 in the peat bogs, but not yet in the Kjb'kkenmb'ddings. The 

 musk ox (Ovibus moscliatus) and the domestic ox (Bos taurus), 

 as well as the reindeer, the elk, the hare, the sheep, and the 

 domestic hog, are all absent.* 



Professor Steenstrup does not agree with Prof. Eiitimeyer 

 that the domestic hog of ancient Europe was directly derived 

 from the wild boar, but rather that it was introduced from the 

 east ; and the skulls which he showed me in support of this 

 belief certainly exhibited very great differences between the 

 two races. The sheep, the horse, and the reindeer are entirely 

 absent, the domestic cat was not known in Europe until about 

 the ninth century, and the bones of the urus are probably those 

 of wild specimens, so that the dog^f appears to have been the 

 only domestic animal of the period ; and though it may fairly 

 be asked whether the bones may not have belonged to a race 

 of wild dogs, the question admits of a satisfactory answer. 



Among the remains of birds, the long bones which form 

 about one-fifth of the skeleton, are, in the Kjokkenmoddings, 

 about twenty times as numerous as the others, and are almost 

 always imperfect, the shaft only remaining. In the same 

 manner it would be impossible to re-construct a perfect skele- 

 ton of the quadrupeds, certain bones and parts of bones being 

 always absent. In the case of the ox, for instance, the missing 



* It is a curious fact that, as t From the marks of knives on 



Prof. Steenstrup informs n*e, the the bones, it seems evident that the 



bones from the Kjokkenmoddings dog was then, as it is still among 



of Jutland indicate, as a general several savage tribes, an article of 



rule, larger and more powerful ani- food, 

 mals than those of the Islands. 



