THE QUATERNARY SPECIES OF RHINOCEROS. 



295 



At least three species of rhinoceros inhabited Europe during 

 the quaternary period ; on this all are agreed, but, unfortu- 

 nately the nomenclature is involved in very considerable con- 

 fusion. E. leptorliinus was originally so named by Cuvier in 

 1812, from a drawing of a specimen found in the Val d'Arno, 

 and in which the bony septum between the nostrils was 



FIG. ISO. 



Molar Tooth of Mammoth. 



represented as deficient. In 1835, M. de Christol stated that 

 he had examined the specimen in question, that the drawing 

 was incorrect, and the name consequently inapplicable. Sub- 

 sequently, however, Dr. Falconer visited Italy and satisfied 

 himself that, after all, the original drawing was correct, and 

 that therefore Cuvier's name must be restored. In the mean 

 time Prof. Owen had unfortunately described another species 

 of rhinoceros found at Clacton as E. leptorliinus, which name 

 must of course be abandoned if Cuvier's name is permitted to 

 stand. Hence Dr. Falconer proposed to call this latter species 

 E. liemitceclius. It is necessary therefore to bear in mind that 

 the E. leptorliinus of Owen is not the E. leptorliinus of Cuvier, 

 but that it is the E. liemitceclius of Falconer, while M. Lartet 

 maintains that it is identical with the E. Merkii of Kaup. 

 On the other hand, M. de Christol, in 1835, described a rhino- 

 ceros, which undoubtedly wanted the nasal septum, and be- 

 lieving himself to have proved that the figure on which Cuvier 

 based his description of E. leptorliinus was incorrect, he named 

 this species E. megarliinus. Hence Cuvier's E. leptorliinus is 



