206 HORSE. BOAR. 



latter bird which was found at Merges, a settlement belonging 

 to the Bronze period. 



The earliest remains of the ass mentioned by Prof. Eiiti- 

 meyer are those found at Chavannes and Noville, which, 

 however, were not connected with Pfahlbauten, and belonged 

 to post-Eoman times. In the Bible, the ass is first mentioned 

 in the time of Abraham, who had " sheep, and oxen, and he- 

 asses, and men-servants, and maid-servants, and she-asses, 

 and camels."* It will be observed that in this enumeration 

 no mention is made of horses. Laban, again, had sheep, and 

 goats, and cattle, and camels, and asses, but apparently no 

 horses. Again, the present which Jacob sent to Esau con- 

 sisted of two hundred she- goats and twenty he -goats, two 

 hundred ewes and twenty rams, thirty milch camels with their 

 colts, forty kine and ten bulls, twenty she-asses and ten foals.-f- 

 Indeed, no mention whatever is made of horses until the 

 children of Israel went into Egypt; and from the copious 

 and interesting details of their pastoral life, we may feel sure 

 that horses would have been alluded to if the Hebrews had 

 possessed them. As regards Egypt, the horse is not repre- 

 sented on any of the monuments anterior to the 18th dynasty, 

 after which, however, it appears to have become abundant in 

 that country. 



As regards the Swiss Lake villages, it is singular that 

 though remains of the horse have been found in all the Pile- 

 works, they are so rare that their presence may almost be 

 considered accidental : thus, Wangen has only produced a 

 single tooth ; Moosseedorf, a metatarsal bone, which has been 

 polished on one side ; Robenhausen, a single os naviculare 

 tarsi; and Wauwyl, only a few bones, which may all have 

 belonged to a single individual. On the other hand, when 

 we come to the Bronze period, we find at Nidau numerous 

 bones of this species ; so that, as far as these slight indications 

 * Gen. xii. 16. t Gen. xxxiii. 14. 



