112 ANIMAL INDIVIDUALITY [CH. 



many low human races among which every family 

 exercises all the ordinary arts and crafts, and where 

 society, in spite often of strong communal life, can 

 therefore not rise above the dead level conditioned 

 by the impossibility of doing all things at once and 

 doing them well. Curious and interesting it is that 

 these same peoples if taught, can generally learn, and 

 learn quickly and well, many arts and industries 

 before undreamt of among them. The capability was 

 there, but they had not learnt how to use it: only 

 by sacrificing some of their multifarious functions 

 is it humanly possible to advance in the rest, and so 

 to raise society. As with men, so with cells a 

 jack-of-all-trades cannot advance in any, and the 

 same lesson of sacrifice has to be learnt before the 

 colony can become an individual organism. 



A human.illustration for the methods of Haplozoon 

 may also be found, or at least imagined. Imagine 

 then a man inflamed with the desire to spread among 

 a benighted race some gospel of good tidings. Poor, 

 he prints the books himself ; then comes the question 

 of sending them forth. It is obviously impossible 

 for a single man to do one and the other simul- 

 taneously. If he goes out to distribute them himself, 

 the printing will be at a standstill while he is away. 

 If, however, he can obtain volunteers to distribute 

 the books, he himself can stay behind and pull off 

 impressions all the time while a new man goes off 



