Explanation of PL XXXI. 



Balanopliora mutinoides HAY ATA. 



Fig. 1. A male plant. 



2. Portion of the flower-head, seen from above. 



3. A male flower. 



4. The same, seen from above. 



5. A female plant. 



6. A portion of the flower-head. 



7. A columella with female flowers at its base. 



8. The same in cluster. 



9. Cross section of a female flower-head. 



