GENERAL BIOLOGY 



Phophase, showing disappearance of nuclear membrane and 

 formation of chromosomes (chromatic rods) from the threads; 

 (c) Metaphase or Equatorial Plate, showing the chromosomes in 

 the equator of the cell, each dividing by a longitudinal split; (d) 

 Early Anaphase, showing the daughter chromosomes separating 

 toward the poles of the cells ; (e) Late Anaphase, showing union 

 of daughter chromosomes to form daughter nuclei; (f) Teleo- 

 phase, in which the cell-body divides and the nuclei ; return to the 

 "resting condition." 



Draw a cell in each of these stages of division. 



(2). Direct Nuclear Division (Amitosis). In prepared slides 

 of the follicile cells surrounding the egg of the cricket observe 

 various stages in the direct division of the nucleus. Draw cells 

 in which (a) the nucleolus is dividing, but the nucleus is still 

 spherical, (b) the nucleus is dumb-bell shaped, (c) the nucleus 

 is divided into two. 



2. PROTOPLASMIC MOVEMENT. With a pair of fine forceps pull 

 off some of the hairs which grow on the stamens of the flower of 

 the spiderwort (Tradescantia) and mount them in water under a 

 cover glass. Observe : ( i ) The hair is made up of a succession of 

 cells, with corrugated walls. (2) Just within the cell wall is the 

 granular protoplasm, strands of which may be seen moving or 

 circulating. (3) Within this protoplasm is a clear spherical or 

 ovoid body, the nucleus. (4) Most of the center of the cell is occu- 

 pied by a purple, homogeneous fluid, the cell sap. 



If the flowers of Tradescantia are not available use one of the 

 leaflets of the water weed Elodea canadensis. Observe the green 

 bodies (chloroplasts) within the cells. Do they circulate? 



Make a drawing showing these structures, and indicate by ar- 

 rows the direction of the protoplasmic movement. 



C. CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS AND 



ANIMALS 



Read: Calkins, Biology, pp. 162-166; or 



Parker, Elementary Biology, pp. 137-147; or 

 Parker and Parker, Practical Zoology, pp. 215-228; or 

 Shull, Animal Biology, pp. 260-274 ; or 

 Woodruff, Foundations of Biology, pp. 348-351. 



All living things are classified as plants or animals depending 

 upon certain peculiarities of structure and function. In general 



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