472 LETTERS TO DARWIN AND OTHERS. [1860, 



with hopes of hanging leaders of the rebellion, ex- 

 iling a good many, and pardoning all the rank and 

 file who will come back with a good grace to their 

 allegiance. If they will not, let them beware ! Va3 

 victis to such. 



The country is to be kept in the Union. If the 

 people choose to stay, let them, and peace be with 

 them. If they wish to emigrate, very well. The 

 North, aided by immigrating Teutons, has great col- 

 onizing power, and we can rapidly settle Virginia, 

 Tennessee, Mississippi, etc. 



There, this is enough for the present to rile you. 



As to Euphorbias, the published names here must 

 take precedence to unpublished names of Shuttle- 

 worth, etc. 



Ever your most peaceful friend, ASA GRAY. 



TO CHARLES DARWIN. 



CAMBRIDGE, October 10, 1860. 



Thanks for very interesting letter of September 10. 

 I am much pressed now, or would write a long gossip- 

 ing letter. The bound copy of " Origin " is just re- 

 ceived from Murray. Many thanks. . . . 



I believe I have seen a pod or two of Horseradish ; 

 but they are rare. Your germinations show curious 

 resemblance of dimorphic-crosses with hybrid-crosses, 

 as shown by Naudin ; very interesting and capital 

 points for you. 



January (?), 1862. 



I imagine it is now universally felt here that if we 

 do not do it [i. e., carry on the fighting] we shall 

 have to eat much dirt ; that the establishment of a 

 rival power on our long southern line of the free 

 States, to be played off against us, is not to be sub- 



