NOTES 39 



buds of the strawberry sucker tend to become typical strawberry 

 plants. In the case of the progressive evolution of a species, the 

 developmental potentiality of B becomes of a higher and higher 

 order. In retrogressive evolution, the contrary would be the 

 case. The phenomena of atavism seem to show that retrogres- 

 sive evolution, that is, the return of a species to one or other of 

 its earlier forms, is a possibility to be reckoned with. The 

 simplification of structure, which is so common in the parasitic 

 members of a group, however, does not properly come under this 

 head. The worm-like, limbless Lerncea has no resemblance to 

 any of the stages of development of the many-limbed active 

 animals of the group to which it belongs. 



Note 2 (p. 4). 



Heracleitus says " IIoTa/xa) yap OVK TTI Sis ep.(3f)va.L TU> aura) 

 but, to be strictly accurate, the river remains, though the water 

 of which it is composed changes just as a man retains his 

 identity though the whole substance of his body is constantly 

 shifting. 



This is put very well by Seneca (Ep. lvii.i20, Ed. Ruhkopf). 

 " Corpora nostra rapiuntur flumintim more, quidquid vides currit 

 cum tempore ; nihil ex his quse videmus manet. Ego ipse dum 

 loquor mutari ista, mutatus sum. Hoc est quod ait Heraclitus ' In 

 idem flumen bis non descendimus.' Manet idem fluminis nomen, 

 aqua transmissa est. Hoc in amne manifestius est quam in 

 homine, sed nos quoque non minus velox cursus prsetervehit." 



Note 3 (p. 9). 



" Multa bona nostra nobis nocent, timoris enim tormentum 

 memoria reducit, providentia anticipat. Nemo tantum prsesen- 

 tibus miser est." (Seneca, Ep. v. 7.) 



Among the many wise and weighty aphorisms of the Roman 

 Bacon, few sound the realities of life more deeply than "Multa 

 bona nostra nobis nocent." If there is a soul of good in things 

 evil, it is at least equally true that there is a soul of evil in 

 things good : for things, like men, have " les defauts de leurs 

 qualites.' It is one of the last lessons one learns from experience, 



