Ranunculaceae, 468 ; foliar 

 axis, 348 ; floral axis, 374 ; 

 fluwers, 412, 421, 454 ; 

 ovule, 305. 



Ranunculus, fruit, 427, 428 ; 

 ovule, 385 ; stamens, 360. 



Ranunculus Ficaria, em- 

 bryo, 447 ; growth, 450. 



Ranunculus repens, 86. 



Raphe, 305, 382. 



Raumparasiten, 41. 



Raumparasitismus, 28, 39. 



Receptive spot, 67, 69, 96, 

 203. 



Red Seaweeds. See Rhodo- 

 phyceae. 



Regular, of flower and its 

 parts, 423 note. 



Rejuvenescence, 18. 



Relation of Desmidieae to 

 Zygnemeae, 50. 



Replum, 428. 



Reseda, flower, 422 ; pla- 

 centas, 374. 



Reseda odorata, Fig. 350. 



Resedaceae, 469 ; flower, 

 424. 



Restiaceae, 444. 



Resting-cells, 20 ; in Dia- 

 toms, see Craticular 

 states. 



Resting-spores (Piptocepha- 

 lideae), 92, note i. 



Retrograde forms, 107 note. 



Rhabdonema arcuatum, 19. 



Rhamneae, 470 ; floral dia- 

 gram, 457; flower, 422. 



Rheum, floral formula, 459 ; 

 nectaries, 307, 381. 



Rheum undulatum, Fig. 308. 



Rhinanthus, 28 ; endosperm, 

 460. 



Rhipidonema, 114, 126. 



Rhizidium, 81, 85. 



Rhizines (Lichens), 115,120. 



Rhizocarpae. See Hetero- 

 sporous Filicineae. 



Rhizocarpon subcentricum, 

 119. 



Rhizoids, 55, 82, 135, 143, 

 170, 201 ; distinguished 

 from protonema, 170 note. 



Rhizomorpha, 82, 119, 136. 



Rliizophoreae, 470. 



Rhododendron, fruit, 428 ; 

 pollen-grains, 369. 



Rhodomeleae, 79. 



Rhodophyceae, 13, 27, 73; 

 asexual propagation, 27, 

 75 ! colour, colouring 

 matter, 74 ; fertilisation, 

 7 ; sexual propagation, 27, 

 73 ; thallus, 75. 



Rhodoreae, 471. 



I N DE X. 



Rhodospermeae. See Rho- 

 dophyceae. 



Rhoeadinae (Cruciflorae), 

 469. 



Rhus, floral diagram, 456 and 



Fig. 393- 



Rhus typhinum, intrapetio- 

 lar bud, 451. 



Ribes, branching in inflores- 

 cence, 411 ; fruit, 429. 



Ribesieae, 470. 



Riccia, archegonium, 149; 

 archesporium, 142 ; sporo- 

 gonium, 142, 151. .(Fig. 

 101.) 



Riccia crystallina, 158. 



Riccia fluitans, 158. 



Riccia glauca, Fig. 108. 



Riccia natans, 158. 



Riccieae, 153, 158 ; asexual 

 propagation, 159 ; sexual 

 organs, 158; sporogonium, 

 151 ; thallus, 158. 



Ricinus, endosperm, 394; in- 

 crease in size, 450 ; sta- 

 mens, branching, 356. 



Ricinus communis, Figs. 



278, 375, 378, 47- 

 Riella, protonema, 140 ; 



archesporium, 143 ; thallus, 



144. 

 Riella heliophylla, 94. (Fig. 



94-) 



Rithyploca, 74. 



Rivularieae, 23, 124. 



Roccella, 124. 



Rod-fructifications (Basidio- 

 mycetes), 131. 



Roestelia, 127, 131 ; ger- 

 mination, 128. 



Roestelia cancellata, 128. 



Root, embryo in Dicotyle- 

 dons, Fig. 329; in Mono- 

 cotyledons, Fig. 333. 



Rosa, flowers, 372, 422; 

 nucellus, 388. 



Rosaceae, 471 ; floral dia- 

 gram, 417, 418, 457, and 

 Fig. 348 ; floral formula, 



459- 

 Roseae, 471. 



Rosiflorae, 471 ; seed, 446. 



Rotation of protoplasm in 

 cells of Chara, 64. 



Rubiaceae, 472; flower, 42 2 ; 

 vascular bundles, 308. 

 (Fig. 387.) 



Rubus, floral diagram, 418, 

 457 ; flower, 422. 



Rubus Idaeus,floral diagram, 

 417, and Figs. 348, 404. 



Rudbeckia, branching in in- 

 florescence, 411. 



Rust in wheat, 128. 



Ruta, branching in inflores- 

 cence, 41 r ; floral diagram, 

 419. 



Rutaceae, 469; flower, 423. 



Sabina, berry, 338. 



Saccharomyces, 113, 114. 

 (Fig. 71.) 



Saccoloma, vascular bundles, 

 226. 



Sagittaria, leaf, 436. 



Saiicineae, 467. 



Salix, inflorescence, 411. 



Salix nigricans, 411. 



Salvia, stamens, 354. 



Salvinia, antheridium, 190; 

 duration, 191; embryo, 

 234 ; macrospores, 231 ; 

 microspores, 229; oogo- 

 nium, 232 ; prothallium, 

 231,244; sporocarps, 237. 

 (Fig. 189.) 



Salvinia natans, Figs. 182, 

 184, 185, 188, 194. 



Salviniaceae, 189, 194, 197, 

 228, 244 ; lateral shoots, 

 236; roots, 236; scuti- 

 form leaf, 233 ; sporangia, 

 191, 237, 238; spores, 

 189, 192. 



Samara, 428. 



Sambucus, vascular bundles, 

 308. 



Sambucus Ebulus, Fig. 405. 



Samolus, ovary, 370. 



Samolus Valerandi, inflores- 

 cence, 411. 



Samydaceae, 470. 



Santalaceae,472; flower,422; 

 ovule, 385. 



Santalum, embryo-sac, 389 

 and note 2; oospheres,389; 

 pollen-tube, 391 ; synergi- 

 dae, 389. 



Sapindaceae, 469 ; flower, 

 422 ; stem, 465, 466. 



Saponaria ocymoides, poly- 

 gamy, 347. 



Sapotaceae, 471. 



Saprolegnia, 96, 97 ; ger- 

 mination, 99. 



Saprolegnia asterophora, 

 sexual process, 99. 



Saprolegnia ferax, sexual 

 process, 98, 99. 



Saprolegnia torulosa, 99. 



Saprolegnieae, 88, 96 ; a- 

 sexual propagation, 97 ; 

 comparison with Perono- 

 sporeae, mode of life, 96, 

 97 ; sexual propagation, 

 97; stilogonidia, 10; vege- 

 tation, 197. 



Sarcina, 25. 



