398 



INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



cellular, 229 : contrasted with assimila- 

 tion, 229 



Digestive gland, 314 



Dimorphism, dimorphic (<3is, twice : 

 popart, form), existing under two forms, 

 35, 134, 241, 364, 366 



Dice'ClOUS (<5i's, twice : ot*o?, a dwelling), 

 applied to organisms in which the male 

 and female organs occur in different in- 

 dividuals, 197 



DIPH'YES (Si^v-n?, double) : Figure, 248 : 

 occurrence and general characters, 249 : 

 polymorphism, 249 



Diploblastic (6177X005, double : Aao-Tos, a 

 bud), two-layered : applied to animals in 

 which the body consists of ectoderm and 

 endoderm, 241 : derivation of diploblas- 

 tic from unicellular animals (Figures). 

 264, 265 



Disc, Vorticella, 126 



Dispersal, means 6f : in internal parasite, 

 122 : in fixed organisms, 131-134 



Distal, the end furthest from the point of 

 attachment or organic base, 124 



Distribution of food-materials : in a 

 complex animal, 277 : in a complex 

 plant, 337 



Divergence of character, 143 



Division of physiological labour, 34 



DOGFISH : Figure, 322 : general charac- 

 ters, 320 : fins, 321 : exoskeleton, 321 : 

 endoskeleton, 324 : enteric canal, 324 : 

 gills, 325 : blood-system, 325 : kidney, 

 326 : gonads, 326 : nervous system, 326 



Dry-rigor, stiffening of protoplasm due to 

 abstraction of water, 21 



E 



Echinodermata, the, 304 



Ect'Oderm (e/cro'?, outside : Septet, skin), 

 the outer cell-layer of diploblastic and 

 triploblastic animals, 223, 227. 274 



Ect'OSarC (e/cros, outside : crap, flesh), the 

 outer layer of protoplasm in the lower 

 unicellular organisms, distinguished by 

 freedom from granules, 4 



Egestlon (egero, to expel), the expulsion 

 of waste matters, 12 



Egg-cell. See Ovum. 



Em'bryo (e'/u./Spvoi', an embryo or foetus), 

 the young of an organism before the 

 commencement of free existence. 



Em'bryo-sac. See Megaspore. 



Encysta'tion, being enclosed in a cyst 



(?.,*-) 



End'oderm (evSov, within : Sep^a, skin), 

 the inner cell-layer of diploblastic and 

 triploblastic animals, 223, 228. 274 



End'oderm-lamella, Medusa, 239 



EndOg'enOUS (evSov, within : yiyi/o/xai, to 

 come into being), arising from within, 

 e.g. the roots, of vascular plants, 350 



End'OSarc (evBov, within: o-ap, flesh), 

 the inner, granular protoplasm of the 

 lower unicellular organisms, 4 



Endoskel'eton(eV5ov, within, and skeleton, 

 from o-Ke'AAto, to dry), the internal skele- 

 ton of animals, 324 



End'osperm (evSov, within : 0-irepiJ.a, seed), 

 nutrient tissue formed in the megaspore 

 of Phanerogams, 373, 380 



Endospore (iivSov, within : CTTropd, a seed), 

 a spore formed within a vegetative cell, 



OQ 

 OO 



Energy, conversion of potential into 

 kinetic, 15 : source of, in chlorophyll- 

 containing organisms, 31 



Enteric (eWepoi/, intestine) canal, the 

 entire food-tube from mouth to anus : 

 Polygordius, 269, 275 ; Starfish, 307 ; 

 Crayfish, 311 ; Mussel, 318 ; Dogfish, 324 



Ent'eron or Enteric cavity, the simple 

 digestive chamber of diploblastic ani- 

 mals, 221 



Epidermis (eTu, upon : Sep^a, the skin) : 

 in animals synonymous with deric epi- 

 thelium (g.v., under Epithelium) : in vas- 

 cular plants a single external layer of 

 cells, 344, 348, 349 



Epithelial cells : columnar, 58 : ciliated, 



59 



Epithelium (en-t, upon : tfrjA.^ the nipple), 

 a cellular membrane bounding a free 

 surface, 243 : ccelomic, 273, 300 : deric, 

 272 : enteric, 273, 275 



Equatorial plate, 65 



EQUISETUM (egnits, a horse: seta, a 

 bristle) : Figure, 363 : general charac- 

 ters, 362 : cone and sporophylls, 362 : 

 male and female prothalli, 363, 364 : al- 

 ternation of generations, 363, 364 



Equiv'ocal generation. See Abiogenesis. 



EUGLEN'A (euyArjvo?, bright-eyed) : 

 Figure, 45 : occurrence and general 

 characters, 44 : movements, 44 : struc- 

 ture, 45 : nutrition, 46 : resting stage, 

 47 : reproduction, 48 : animal or plant ? 

 178 



Euglen'oid movements, 45 



Ev'olution (evolvo, to roll out), organic : 

 definition, 139 : illustrated in connection 

 with species of Zoothamnium (Diagram), 

 142 



Excre'tion (cxcerno, to separate), the 

 separation of waste matters derived from 

 the destructive metabolism of the or- 

 ganism, 1 6, 280 



Exogenous (ef, out of: -yiy^o^at, to come 

 into being), arising from the exterior, 

 e.g. leaves, 350 



Exoskel'eton (ew, outside, and skeleton, 

 from o-KeAAw, to dry), the external or 

 skin-skeleton : cuticular, 237, 273-275 : 

 cuticular and calcined, 311, 316 : epi- 

 dermal (hair and nails) : dermal, 308, 321 



