INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



407 



SpermatOgen'esiS (crTrep/xa, seed : yeVecrts, 

 origin), the development of a sperm from 

 a primitive sex-cell, 252, 253 (Figure). 

 Spinal cord, Dogfish, 326 

 Spiral vessel. See Vessel. 

 SPIRILL'UM (spira, a coil) (Figure) 86, 87 

 Spirogyra (spira, a coil : gyms, a revolu- 

 tion) : Figure, 193 : occurrence and 

 general characters, 192 : microscopic 

 structure, 192 : growth, 195 : conjugation, 

 196 : development, 198 : nutrition, 198 

 ' Splanch/niC (crn\6.yx vov > intestine or vis- 

 cus), applied to the layer of mesoderm 

 which is in contact with the endoderm 

 and with it forms the enteric canal, 274 

 Spontaneous generation. See Abio- 



genesis. 



Sporan'gium (<nropd, seed : ayyeiW, a 

 vessel), a spore-case : Mucor, 157 : Vau- 

 cheria, 169 : Fern, 351. See also Mega- 

 and Micro-sporangium. 

 Spore (crTropd, a seed), an asexual repro- 

 ductive cell : see under the various types 

 and especially Heteromita, 42 : Saccha- 

 romyces, 73 : Bacteria, 88 : vitality of 

 in Bacteria, 96, 97 : Penicillium, 187 : 

 Moss, 335: Fern, 351. See also Mega- 

 and Micro-spore. 



Sporogon'ium (o-Ti-opa, seed: 761/0?, pro- 

 duction), the agamobium of a moss, 333 

 Spor'ophyll (a-nopd, seed : <f>v\\ov, leaf), 

 a sporangium-bearing leaf : Equisetum, 

 362 : Selaginella, 367 : Gymnosperms, 

 369, 372 : Angiosperms, 377 

 Stamen (stamen, a. thread), a male sporo- 



phyll. 371, 377 _ 



Starch, composition and properties of, 27 

 STARFISH : Figure, 306 : general cha- 

 racters, 305-307 : radial symmetry, 305 : 

 tube-feet and ambulacral system, 307, 

 309 : exoskeleton, 308 



Stem, structure of: Moss, 330 ; Fern, 341 

 Sterig'ma (crT^pty^a, a support : Penicil- 

 lium, 186 ; Agaricus, 190 

 Sterilization of putrescible infusions, 96- 



IOO 



Stigma (o-Ttyjua, a spot), the receptive ex- 

 tremity of the style, 378 



Stimulus, various kinds of, 285 



Stock. See Colony. 



Stom'ate (o-ro/xa, mouth), 349 



Stomodae'um (o-To/aa, mouth : oSaios, be- 

 longing to a way), an ectodermal pouch 

 which unites with the enteron and forms 

 the anterior end of the enteric canal, its 

 aperture being the permanent mouth, 

 294 



Stone-canal, Starfish, 309 



Style (stylus, a column), the distal solid 

 portion of the female sporophyll or of the 

 entire gyncecium in Angiosperms, 378 



STYLONYCH'IA (arvAos, a column : ow , 

 a claw), Figure, 115: occurrence and 



general characters, 1 14 *. polymorphism 

 of cilia, 114-116 



Sub-apical cell. See Segmental cell. 



Superficial aggregate, 200 



Supporting lamella. See Mesogloca. 



Suspensor : Selaginella, 369 : Gymno- 

 sperms, 373 : Angiosperms, 380 



Sweet Wort, composition of, 74 



Swimming-bell, Diphyes, 249 



Symbio'sis (crv/a/Stajo-t?, a living with), an 

 intimate and mutually advantageous 

 association between two organisms, 152 



Syner'gidas (crwepyos, a fellow worker), 



379 



Sys'tole (crvoToAvj, a drawing together, 

 contraction), the phase of contraction of 

 a heart, contractile vacuole, c., 109 



Teeth, Dogfish, 325 



Temperature, effects of on protoplasmic 



movements, 20, 21 

 Tentacles : Hydra, 222 : Bougainvillea, 



236 : Polygordius, 266 : development of, 



298 

 Terminal bud : Nitella, 206, 208 : Moss, 



331 



TestiS (the Latin word), generally used for 

 the spermary in animals. 



Thermal death-point. See Ultra-maxi- 

 mum temperature. 



Tissues, differentiation of: Polygordius, 

 288 : Fern, 349 



Tracheides (rpaxv's, rough : elSos, form). 

 See Vessels of Plants, 345 



Transpiration, the giving off of water 

 from the leaves of plants, 337 



Trich'ocyst (Qpi, a hair : KUCTTIS, a bag), 

 in 



Triploblast'iC (rpiTrAoos, triple : /SAacrros, 

 a bud), three-layered : applied to ani- 

 mals in which the body consists of ecto- 

 derm, mesoderm, and endoderm, 241, 

 274 



Troch'OSphere (rpoxo?, a wheel, in reference 

 to the circlet of cilia : cn/>aipa, a sphere), 

 the free -swimming larva of Polygordius. 

 &c. : characters of, 292 (Figure) ; origin 

 of from gastrula, 293, 294 ; metamorpho- 

 sis of, 295 



Tube-feet, Starfish, 307, 309 



U 



Ultra-maximum temperature, for amoe- 

 boid movements, 21 ; for monads, 40 ; for 

 Bacteria, 92 



ULVA (nh'ci, an aquatic plant), 201 

 Umbell'ate (nmbella, a sun-shade, um- 

 brella), applied to branching in which 

 the primary axis is of limited growth and 



