VI CONTENTS. 



SECTION II. OF Btn>s 40 



Scaly Buds and Bud-scales 40 



Naked, Snbpetiolar, and Fleshy Buds 41 



Bud-propagation 43 



Normal, Accessory, and Adventitious Buds 44 



SECTION III OF THE STEM 45 



1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AND GROWTH 45 



Development and Structure 46 



Ramification, Branches 47 



Kxrurrent and Deliquescent Stems 48 



Definite and Indefinite Annual Growth 49 



2. FORMS OF STI.M \M> BK \MIIES 50 



I lerbs. Shrubs, Trees, Culm, Caudex, Scape 50 



Climbing Stems, Twining or otherwise 51 



Leaf -( Timbers, Tendril-climbers, and Knot-climbers .... ">:.' 



Suckers, Stolons, Offsets, Runner- '' 



Tendrils formed of Stems -M 



Sympodial and Monopodial Stems 55 



Spines or Thorns and Subterranean Stems 56 



l.'iiixoma or Rootstock 57 



Tuber, Tubercles 59 



Conn or Solid Bulb 61 



Hull), Bull.le.ts ''- 



Condensed Aerial Stems 64 



Stems serving for Foliage, Phyllocladia, Cladophylla ... 65 



Frondose Stems 66 



3. INTERNAL STRUCTURE 67 



Anatomical KleinenN 68 



Endogenous Structure 70 



K \ogenous Structure; its Beginning ~ : > 



First Year's Growth "' 



Pith, Layer of Wood. &c 75 



Bark, its Part- and Structure 76 



Annual Increase in Diameter 78 



Demarcation of Annual Layers 79 



Sap-wood and Heart-wood 80 



<iru\\tli and Duration of Bark 



Living Parts of a Tree or Shrub, Longevity 83 



The I'lant composite 84 



M< i ION IV. <i- LEAVES 85 



1. Tin. IK NATURE AND OFFICE 85 



1'arts of a Leaf 85 



Duration, Defoliation, Normal Position 86 



