112 THE WANDERINGS OF ANIMALS [OH. 



parrots. Brush -tongued parrots, Trichoglossidae, are 

 strictly Australasian (east of Wallace's line to Tahiti), 

 chiefly ' lories,' with the ancient ' keas,' Nestor, in 

 New Zealand and Norfolk Island. Psittacidae, com- 

 prising all the others, have a smooth tongue. String- 

 ops, the kakapo or owl parrot, with weak flying power 

 and much reduced keel of the breast-bone, in New 

 Zealand. Cockatoos are abundant in Australia and 

 Papuasia. 



Coraciiformes. Rollers, bee-eaters, kingfishers, 

 hoopoes and hornbills represent closely related 

 families of undoubtedly Old World origin. The 

 numerous family of kingfishers is cosmopolitan, most 

 abundant in Papuasia, but only a few species of the 

 otherwise widely-distributed genus Ceryle are the 

 sole representatives in America. Hoopoes and horn- 

 bills are Afro-Indian, but absent from Madagascar ; 

 on the other hand hornbills extend far beyond 

 Wallace's line, through New Guinea into the Solomon 

 Islands. The screech- or barn-owl inhabits almost 

 every country in the world, Scandinavia, America 

 north of 45, and New Zealand being the principal 

 exceptions. Humming-birds are a highly specialised 

 and probably recent family of neotropical origin ; 

 they exend to Tierra del Fuego, to the far outlying 

 island Juan Fernandez, to the Galapagos and of 

 course the Antilles ; towards the north they become 

 scarce, but one kind is a summer visitor of Mount 



