^ MADEAS FISHERIES BULLETIN VOL. XIII 



8. In 1908 work was begun at Ennore, but it was impossible to 

 make satisfactory experiments owing to the poor supply of fish, the 

 small numbers and the poverty of the tishermeUj and the absence of 

 any local curing industry. An oyster farm was established iu 

 1908-09 at Pulicat and is still in existence. In November 1909, an 

 experimental station was opened at Cannanore and experiments were 

 undertaken in the use of salt brine for preserving fish, in ordinary 

 curing, salting and drying of fish and in the manufacture of fish-oil 

 and guano. In 1910-J 1, preparations were made for starting can- 

 ning, but in the following year the experimental station was removed 

 from Cannanore as the fish were not very abundant. Curing 

 operations and the manufacture of fish-oil and guano were transferred 

 to Tanur where they are still carried on. The large number of fish- 

 oil and guano factories which have cow been established on the west 

 coast is the direct result of the v/ork at Tanur. Canning operations 

 were first removed to Calicut but in 1914-15 the cannery was moved 

 to its present site at Chaliyam. 



4, Eesearches to overcome the difficulty of obtaining first-class 

 oil for canning led incidentally to the establishment of the soap 

 factory which is now under the Department of Industries- The 

 outbreak of war interfered with the development of the department 

 and especially with the branch relating to deep sea fishing. 

 Proposals were however made for the establishment of a new 

 aquarium and of a pearl oyster farm and a marine biological station 

 on Krusadai island off Eamnad district. 



6. The control of the pearl and chank fisheries was transferred to 

 the department from -April 1909. 



6. As regards fresh-water fish, it may be mentioned that trout 

 have been introduced into the Nilgiris ; fish farms have been 

 established at various places in the Presidency from which tanks and 

 rivers can be stocked every year ; larvicidal fish have been bred in 

 large numbers and distributed ; a live fish marlcet has been estab- 

 lished in Kurnool and a beginning has been made of the systematic 

 stocking of tanks which is to be extended in time throughout the 

 Presidencv. 



7. Sir Frederick Nicholson found that socio-economic work 

 amongst the fisherfolk was necessary in order to enable them to get 

 and keep out of debt before they could adopt improved methods of 

 catching and dealing with fish. This branch of the work which in- 

 cludes education and temperaDce as well as co-operative work has 

 made considerable progress on the west coast. 



8. A large number of valuable bulletins has been issued by Sir 

 Trederick Micholson or under his direction. 



