200 



MADRAS FISHERIES BULLETIN 



vol; XIII, 



" Seven samples of sardine oil and one sample of stearin obtained from 

 sardine oil were received in August 191 2. They were as follows : — 



(i) " Palest oil from Cannanore " — a pale yellow oil which deposit- 

 ed stearin on standing. 



(2) " Palest oil without stearin " — This was a bright yellow oil, 

 clear when received at the Imperial Institute, but like but other samples 

 designated " oils without stearin " (Nos. 4 and 6), it deposited stearin to 

 some extent at the temperatures commonly prevailing in Europe, viz., up to 

 20° C. 



(3) " Palest oil with stearin " — a yellow oil with a deposit of stearin. 



(4) " Yellow oil without stearin " — a pale brown oil. 



{5) " Yellow oil with stearin " — a pale brown, viscous oil. 



(6) " Brown oil without stearin " — thick brown oil possessing an 

 unpleasant odour. 



(7)" Brown oil with stearin " — dark brown semi-solid oil, possessing 

 an unpleasant odour. 



(8) " Stearin " — pale brown, soft fat. 



The samples were examined with the results shown in the following table ; 

 No. 7 contained about ^2 percent of water, which was removed before 

 the constants were determined : — 



100^ C 

 Specific gravity at t, ^ 



Acid value * ... 

 Saponification value * 

 Iodine value per cent 



No. I. 1X0. 2. N'o. 3. So. 4 



No 5. No. 6. No. 7. No. S. 



0-878 0-877 



37 j 2-3 

 196 '94 



0-^77 oS"7 0-876 0-87. 



154 



1-8 • 4-7 

 191 IJ5 



156 ,157 



159 



7-1 135-0 

 [98 199 

 151 ,15/ 



0S75 0-874 



53-5 I 9-0 

 200 198 



157 151 



Milligrams of potassium hydro.xide per gram of oil. 



The general characters and constants of these sardine oils indicate their 

 suitability for the usual purposes to which fish oils are applied, viz., leather 

 dressing and currying, and to a smaller extent for soft soap manufacture, 

 tempering steel, admixture with paint oils, and jute batching. The stearin 

 would also be suitable for use in leather manufacture and soap making. 



The various fish oils used in commerce (e.g., cod, herring, menhaden 

 Japanese sardine and shark liver oils) differ a good deal from one another, 

 in physical and chemical characteristics, but they all have a high iodine 



