204 MADRAS FISHERIES BULLETIN VOL. XIII, 



But adverse opinions are also expressed as to the use of fish oils 

 in paints, as they are not really in the class of true drying oils, 

 and it is said that they do not, when oxidized, dry to an elastic 

 skin as is the case with linseed oil. Hence for use in paints their 

 drying quality should be above the ordinary, and the proportion 

 should not exceed about one-fourth of the linseed oil. 



Other uses are mentioned such as its employment in the manu- 

 facture of linoleum, and in rubber substitutes, and in making 

 waterproof solutions, while it is said to be highly useful for 

 " patent " leathers since, though not quite so glossy as when pre- 

 pared from linseed oil, it is more flexible and less liable to crack. 

 West Coast fish oil is believed to be used in a wellknown Madras 

 waterproofing method. Under the head of " stearine " other uses 

 are mentioned for this grease. 



It need only be added here that the Tanur oil has been found 

 satisfactory in leather work at Cawnpore, in Arsenals for browning 

 rifle barrels and stocks, and in the Madras Arsenal during the war 

 for making harness and leather " dubbin." It has also been largely 

 used by the Government Soap Expert at Calicut in making insec- 

 ticidal soap of good quality and efificacy in spraying coffee, mango 

 trees, etc., for the destruction of pests, while the " saddle soap" 

 has been highly commended by military officers. A good deal of 

 the finest yellow oil has been taken by medical officers for use in 

 wasting diseases as a substitute for cod liver oil, but is, apparently, 

 of less efficacy in tuberculosis ; its congener, pilchard oil, is consi- 

 dered a panacea in Cornwall, and this high class sardine oil seems 

 worthy of extended and organized trial ; it is believed that one firm 

 advertises a special quality for medicinal purposes. 



The finest A-I quality of specially prepared sardine oil has 

 also been used as an edible, viz., in frying sardines in the Govern- 

 ment Cannery at Chaliyam and as a part of the oil used in 

 actually packing the sardines in tins ; such oil adds richness to 

 the fish, being derived from similar fish ; it also cancels the 

 specific flavour of groundnut oil used in such packing, as has been 

 noted in mixtures of other oils, e.g., cotton seed oil with ground- 

 nut, etc. But only absolutely first-class sardine oil can be so 

 used ; see Bulletin on Canning. In Japan sardine oil is habitually 

 used in domestic cooking. 



96. HyJrogeuation. — Some of the fine Tanur oil was submitted 

 to hydrogenation and the resulting hard, white fats are of excellent 



