No. 3 (1921) MANUFACTURE OF FISH OIL AND GUANO 24$ 



marked in matters of production and joint sale, partly for want of 

 a sufficient staff with considerable influence; moreover, the classes 

 who usually manufacture these goods are very difficult to deal with, 

 to convince, or to turn from accustomed method. In paragraph 202 

 of the above mentioned note on Agriculture in Japan details are 

 given of the precautions taken by Government in the interests of 

 agriculture and the agriculturist, to enforce the purity of all classes 

 of "artificial" or manufactured fertilizers, i.e., those made in 

 factories or imported, as distinguished from the ordinary farm yard 

 manures of human excreta, composts, and some cattle manure ; 

 guilds for watching over the manufacture and sale and stand- 

 ardization of products are compulsory, so that while in 1904 (on the 

 law of 1900) there were only $ such guilds for artificial fertilizers, 

 in 1916 there were 30 ; inspectors are appointed and heavy 

 penalties enforced for wilful adulterations, and all parcels of 

 artificial manure must be labelled with the address of the produce 

 and the percentage of the manurial elements it contains, while 

 regular books of sale must be kept by each seller. But the present 

 bulletin cannot discuss the propriety of such legislation ; it 

 confines itself to facts and to the more obvious inferences. 



150. But if fish guano and fish manure are to be accepted by 

 the Indian ryot who cannot pay high prices for inferior, adulterated 

 stuff, then steps will have to be taken to ensure that these valuable 

 manures shall be what they purport to be and not a quarter or one- 

 third sand. It is not a question of merely deducting part of the 

 price according to the proportion of sand and consequent loss of 

 manurial value, for, if a ton of manure contains 30 per cent of sand 

 and is sent 200 miles by rail and 20 by cart, the consumer has to 

 pay the heavy transport charges on the valueless sand; this he will 

 not do, and the trade fails. Hence it is essential if the Indian ryot 

 is to benefit fully by this external source of fertilizer, that he 

 should be protected from the reckless and stupid adulteration now 

 taking place. 



PROHIBITION OF EXPORT. 



151. This matter is closely connected with that of adulteration, 

 for, as shown in paragraph 1 50, the ryot will not buy adulterated 

 stuff, and it is useless to prohibit export if the local market is 

 feeble. The point is debatable. 



