DRAPARNAUDIA. 13 



d'Hist. Nat. Marseille, Bull, i, p. 147 (1898) Pseudopartula sp., 

 CROSSE, Journ. de Conchyl. 1894, p. 246. 



Shell small, sinistral, perforate, turbinate-conic, covered with a 

 yellow or brown cuticle. Whorls 5^7, convex, very obliquely 

 striated. Aperture very oblique, truncate-oval, the peristome ex- 

 panded or simple, columellar margin broadly dilated and built for- 

 ward, columella simply concave. Type D. sinistrorsa (Dh.). 



Jaw (pi. 3, fig. 15) arcuate with a slight median projection below, 

 and apparently smooth or vertically striate. Radula with the central 

 tooth unicuspid, the cusp shorter than the basal plate ; laterals with 

 similar mesocone and an ectocone developed ; marginal teeth oblique, 

 quadricuspid by deep splitting of the meso- and ecto-cones (pi. 3, 

 fig. 14). 



Genitalia (pi. 3, fig. 12) of epiphallogonous type, a stout epiphallus 

 as long as the penis being inserted near the distal end of the latter. 

 Vas deferens terminal on the epiphallus, the flagellum apparently 

 wanting. Spermatheca ovate, on a moderately long duct, which is 

 swollen below. Sometimes the duct is stouter, as in detail figure to 

 the left. The vagina is short. 



Distribution, New Caledonian and New Hebrides groups. Liv- 

 ing on the ground. 



The genus is named in honor of the great French conchologist 

 Jacques Draparnaud, 1772-1804. It was introduced by Montrouzier 

 in an unsatisfactory manner, but since there is no conflicting name, 

 that given by the noble French missionary and naturalist will stand- 



The anatomy of D. lifuana has been investigated by Messrs. Wm. 

 Moss and W. M. Webb (1897), from whose article the anatomical 

 details given above are derived. It is clear that the group belongs 

 to the sub-family Carncenince (epiphallogona) of the ffelicidce, having 

 the characteristic genital system of that division. The flagellum is 

 apparently atrophied, as in Cristigibba and some species of Papuina. 



Draparnaudia has no especially close relations with Amphidromus 

 and its subgenera, but stands nearer Papuina perhaps than to any 

 other genus; the different texture of the shell being correlated with 

 terrestrial habits, while Papuina is arboreal. The inter-relations of 

 the genera of epiphallogonous Helicidte, however, have not yet been 

 worked out, though valuable material has been accumulated by 

 Wiegmann, Hedley and others, since the publication of my " Guide 

 to the Helices." 



