SPIRAXIS. 13 



parvula Pfr., physodes Sh., sliuttleworthi, subcallosa, turgi- 

 dula and ventricosula Pfr. 



To LEPTINARIA belong : S. aequatoria Mill., guatemalensis 

 G. et F., mexicana Pfr., simplex Gupp. and venezuelensis Pfr. 



To CURVELLA : $. pusilla Blf . 



To TORTAXIS: $. mandarina Pfr., permira and pilsbryi 

 Anc., and pfeifferi Mke. 



To PROSOPEAS: $. haitghtom Bs., $. fte&es Blf., /S. ivalkeri 

 Bs. 



To SYNAPTERPES: /S f . incerta Mss., /S. bistonta Pfr. ( ?). 



To OPEAS: /S. layardi Bs, 



To FERUSSACIA: $. barclayi Pfr. 



To DIGONIAXIS: /S. cingalensis Bs. 



To CARELIA : ^. cumingiana, paradoxa and newcombi Pfr. 



To COLUMNA : J S f . columna Shuttl. 



To CLAVATOR: /S. eximia Shuttl. 



To OBELISCUS : ^f. dunkeri Pfr. 



Spiraxis major and ^. randalli Newberry, 1884, = copro- 

 lites of CladoselacJn . 



Spiraxis obsoleta Pfr. = Leptachatina. 



Spiraxis sandivichensis Pfr., Pro. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1856, 

 p. 335, no. 54, and MonogTaphia iv, 575 (Sandwich Is., New- 

 comb in Cuming coll.) is started by Mr. Sykes to be Bulimus 

 lactifluus Pfr. (see vol. x, p. 140). Spiraxis sandwichensis 

 Pfr., of Borscherding, (Achantinellen-Fauna der Sandwich- 

 Insel Molokai, Zoologaca xix, 6te Lieferung, Heft 48 II, 1906, 

 p. 136, pi. 9, f. 10, 10 a), is probably Opeas mauritianum 

 Pfr., which has been found on Maui (see pp. 133, 134 of 

 vol. XVIII). 



Spiraxis ? bickhardti Boettger (Nachrbl. D. Malak. Ges. 

 1896, p. 17), from the German Lower Miocene Corbicula beds 

 at Offenlbach a. M., would hardly fall into Spiraxis as here 

 restricted. It probably represents an Oleacinoid group paral- 

 lel to Streptostyla. 



Various other species have been referred by some authors 

 to Spiraxis, but were originally placed elsewhere, and are not 

 now retained in the genus, They need not therefore be enu- 

 merated here. 



