COCHLICOPA. 321 



le. C. LUBRICA LUBRICELLA 'Ziegler' Stabile. PL 49, figs. 36, 



37, 38, 41. 



Shell much smaller than lubrica and more cylindric, clear 

 corneous or brownish-corneous. Peristome with a wide and 

 rather thick internal rim. Whorls 5^- Typical size, length 

 4.5 to 5, diam. 2 mm., but frequently smaller, 3.5 x 1.5 mm. 



Russia: Transcaucasia; Caucasus; Riga (type loc. of var. 

 minima) ; Duderhof near St. Petersburg; near Moscow; 

 Podolia; Tegel near Berlin and many other places in Ger- 

 many. France: Auxonne; Sathonay, (Rhone); Lyons, etc. 

 etc.; Lugano, Switzerland, (type loc. of lubricella). Santa 

 Cruz, Madeira (Grabham, 1902). 



The figured specimens are from Tegel near Berlin, fig. 36, 

 length 5 mm.; Auxonne; figs. 37, 38; France, fig. 41, length 

 4.5 mm. 



Small forms of C. lubrica are of frequent occurrence in 

 Europe, and probably in many cases are ' physiological 

 varieties" their diminished stature due to unfavorable con- 

 ditions, such as aridity, or the brevity of growing season at 

 high elevations. As a general rule, in Central Europe Coch- 

 licopa is small in dry, larger in moist situations. Hence these 

 forms are probably to be looked upon as various local dwarfed 

 races responding to local conditions, rather than as a homo- 

 geneous race. At present there seems to be no practicable 

 course but to group all of the dwarf forms under C. lubrica 

 lubricella. The original descriptions of the local forms follow. 



C. var. lubricella 'Ziegler' Stabile. Alt. 5, diam. 2 mm. 

 C. lubrica is two or three mm. larger. In both the simple 

 peristome is strengthened at the edge by a delicate reddish 

 rim (Columna lubrica var. a, Columna lubricella Ziegler, 

 STABILE, Fauna Elvetica : delle Conchiglie terrestri e fluviali 

 del Luganese, Lugano 1845 [1846], p. 34). 



A. minima Siemaschko. "Shell minute, subcylindric, ob- 

 tuse, thin, diaphanous, glossy. Whorls 5%. Length 1%, 

 width % lines" [= 3.5x1.5 mm.]. Achatina minima SIE- 

 MASCHKO, Bull, de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de 

 Moscow, xx, 1847, p. Ill, pi. 1, f. 4 a, b, c. PFR., Monogr. iii, 

 506; iv, 62, vi, 246. CLESSIN Jahrb. D. Malak. Ges. 1875, 



