SUBULINA. 223 



America: Trinidad, La Guayra and Puerto Cabello, Vene- 

 zuela ; Para, Brazil. North America : Nicaragua, Costa Rica, 

 Yucatan, San Juan Bautista, Tabasco. Introduced at Miami, 

 Florida, and in hothouses in Philadelphia, etc. For addi- 

 tional records of American localities see references below. 



Helix octona India; Occident alls CHEMNITZ, Conchyl. 

 Cabinet, ix, p. 190, pi. 136, f. 1264 (1786). Not Helix octona 

 Linne/c/- Hanley, Ipsa Linn. Conch, p. 381. Bulimus octonus 

 BRUG., Encycl. Meth. i, p. 325 (1792). Achatina octona 

 ORB., Moll. Cuba i, p. 168, pi. 11, f . 4-6 ; Voy. Amer. Merid. 

 p. 260 (Guayaquil). PFR., Monographic Hel. Viv. ii, 266; 

 iii, 501 ; iv, 613 ; vi, 233 ; Conch. Cab. p. 342, pi. 37, f . 19, 20, 

 (references to early literature). HIDALGO, Viaje al Pacifico, 

 p. 138. Macrospira octona SWAINS., Malacol. p. 335. Sira 

 octona SCHMIDT, Stylommat. pp. 5, 42. Stenogyra octona 

 Chemn., MAZE, Journ. de Conch. 1883, p. 5, 41, 47, 51 ; 1890, 

 p. 22 (Guadeloupe and its dependencies) ; 1874, p. 158 

 (Martinique). BINNEY, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. iii, p. 100, 

 (teeth, Bahia specimen) . GUPPY, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 320 

 (Trinidad). T ATE, Ann. Mag. N. H. (4), iv, 1869, p. 356 

 (St. Lucia). MARTENS, Binnenmoll. Venezuelas p. 35 (Puerto 

 Cabello, Caracas). VON MARTENS, Biologia Centrali Ameri- 

 cana, Moll., p. 298, 638 (Vera Cruz, Mex. ; many places in 

 Central America, etc.), with var. strebeli, p. 299, based upon 

 Strebel, Beitrag, p. 116, pi. 7, f. 16 (Campeche). #Zm^'na 

 octona SMITH, Proe. Make. Soc. Lond. i, p. 309, 317, 322 (St. 

 Vincent, Grenada, Mustique, H. H. Smith). CROSSE, Journ. 

 de Conch. 1891, p. 150 (Haiti, around Jeremie, Weinland, and 

 Dondon, Rolle) ; Journ. de Conch. 1892, p. 29 (Porto Rico 

 at San Juan, Fajardo, Ceiba, Humacao, Luquillo, Vieques) . 

 ANGAS, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 594 (Dominica) ; 1879, p. 485, pi. 

 40, f. 16 (Costa Rica) . PILSBRY, Nautilus vi, 107, viii, 137 

 (Greenhouses in Phila.). COUSIN, Bull. Soc. Zool. France 

 1887, p. 241 (synonymy, dist, in S. Amer.). Achatina tro- 

 cJilea PFR., Syrnbolse ad Hist. Hel. ii, p. 59, 1842 (Mexico) ; 

 Monogr. ii, p. 266; Conchyl. Cab. p. 343, pi. 37, f. 23, 24.- 

 Subulina, trochlea, STREBEL, Beitrag v, p. 115, pi. 7, f. 16 

 (left fig.), pi. 17, f. 32; pi. 18, f. 1, 12-16, 18-24 (anatomy). 



