102 CARYODKS. 



the outer lip thin and not expanded, columella someivlwt sinuous, 

 subtruncate below, with a closely adherent reflexed umbilico-parietal 

 callus. Type C. dufresnii, pi. 46, figs. 15, 16. 



Foot undivided and without pedal grooves. Back ornamented 

 with long, narrow tubercles, arranged in about a dozen longitudinal 

 rows; sides and tail divided into irregular polygonal spaces, which 

 are partially subdivided and finely granulated; tail tapers slightly, 

 is rounded behind, and never keeled. Genital orifice behind the 

 right eye-stalk, just beneath the facial groove. Mantel with a left 

 body-lobe. Kidney opening at its base. 



Jaw arcuate, smooth, with no median projection (pi. 42, fig. 44). 



Radula with 81-87 teeth in a transverse row, all of them uni- 

 cuspid (pi. 49, fig. 24). 



Genitalia (pi. 42, figs. 41, 42, 43) partially everted in the example 

 figured, a short papilla bearing a long thread projecting from the 

 foramen. Penis sac long and stout, the retractor and vas deferens 

 inserted at its apex ; within the penis lies an adnate fleshy pillar 

 '(pilaster), free at its distal end ; its outer walls closely grooved, 

 ^covered with thick epithelium, and in the folds lay irregular plates 

 of lime. In a section the pilaster shows outside the external papilla, 

 .separated by grooves; then follows a sphincter muscle, then an ir- 

 regular, apparently spiral muscle (pi. 42, fig. 43, pilaster, papilla 

 and thread, Fig. 41. section of same, showing star-shaped cavity, 

 etc.). Spermatheca having a long duct, near the mouth of which is 

 ^attached a long appendicula. 



Eggs hard-shelled, regularly oval, white, shining, minutely gran- 

 ular, measuring 11 by 8 mill. (pi. 42, fig. 46). 



The external appearance of the animal and the form of the jaw, 

 teeth and genitalia, are very similar to Panda, fully supporting the 

 classification proposed by Hedley in 1892. The shell resembles that 

 of Panda in its bull moid contour, simple lip, and the sinuous sub- 

 truncate columella. It differs from that Australian genus in the 

 lobed or crenulated sutures, and the sculpture of the embryonic 

 whorls, which recall Anoglypta. The embryonic shell of Liparns 

 differs very much in sculpture from that of Panda, Caryodes or any 

 other Helix known to me. 



The genus contains but one species, the Bulimus dufresnii of 

 authors, Helix dufresnii Leach. The shell varies from oval to 

 almost globose. The ground-color varies from light yellow to deep 

 .maroon or dull olive, but the color-band is permanent. The eggs 



