312 



INDEX 



132, 133, 134, 141, 154 ; O. vulgatum, 



133; O. pendulum, 133; Fig. 34. 

 Orchid, Orchidaceae, 183, 188, 192, 



194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 234, 254, 255, 



270, 277, Figs. 47, 57. 

 OrcJiis spectabilis, 254, Fig. 57. 

 Oregon, 239. 

 Organ, 8, 10, 20, 21. 

 Organic substances, 3, 35, 36, 66, 80. 

 Oscillaria, 17, 35, Fig. 5. 

 Osmunda, Osmuudaceae, 134, 138, 



139 ; 0. cinnamomea, 134 ; 0. rega- 



lis, 134. 

 Ostrich fern (Onoclea struthiopteris), 



126, 129, Figs. 32, 33. 

 Ovary, 161, 177, 178, 179, 181, 189, 



191, 194, 206, 210, 211, 213, 215, 



218. 

 Ovule, 28, 159, 160, 161, 163, 165, 170, 



177, 178, 179, 181, 184, 185, 188, 206, 



208, 227, 293. 

 Oxalis, 210, Fig. 51. 

 Oxydendrum, 213, Fig. 52. 

 Oxygen, 2, 8, 11, 19, 21, 24, 25, 30. 



Pacific North America, 233, 234, 237. 



Pacific South America, 237. 



Palaeo-botauy, 13. 



Palaeopteris, 223. 



Paleozoic formations, 222, 223, 224, 

 226. 



Palmetto, 187, 238. 



Palms, 187, 197, 198, 228, 230, 234, 

 238, 268. 



Pandanus, Pandanaceae (see also 

 " Screw-pine "), 186, 198, 268. 



Pandorina, 41, Fig. 6. 



Papaveraceae (Poppy family), 209. 



Papilionaceae, 212. 



Pappus, 215. 



Paraphyses, 68. 



Parasites, 30, 80, 81, 82, 85, 88, 89, 90, 

 91, 93, 95, 97, 99, 183, 201, 203, 205, 

 278, 279, 297; Algre, 85; animals, 

 88, 90; flowering plants, 99, 278, 

 279; Fungi, 81, 82, 84, 87, 88, 91, 

 95; Lichens, 97; nutrition of , 297- 



Parsley family (Umbellif erse) , 211. 



Parthenogenesis, 75, 79, 83; Chara 

 crinita, 75; Red Algae, 75, 79; 

 Saprolegnia, 83. 



Passiflora, Passiflorinse (see " Pas- 

 sion-flower "). 



Passion-flower, 212. 



Pea, 210, 212, Fig. 51. 



Pea family (see "Leguminosae," 

 "Papilionaceae"). 



Peach, 87. 



Pear, 182, 211. 



Peat-mosses (Sphagnaceae), 63, 114, 

 115, Fig. 29. 



Pediastrum, 43, Fig. 7. 



Pelargonium, 250, 251, 252, Fig. 

 56. 



Peuicilliuin (see also "Blue-mould"), 

 92. 



Pepper family (Piperineae), 206, 208, 

 217, 229, 244. 



Perianth (see also " Floral enve- 

 lope"), 190, 191, 196, 206, 219, 245. 



Peridineae, 65, 76, Fig. 15. 



Peridinium diver gens, 65, Fig. 15. 



Peristome, 29, 118, 283. 



Perithecium, 92. 



Periwinkle ( Vinca) , 215. 



Permian formations, 166, 221, 226, 

 227. 



Persimmon family (Diospyrinas), 

 214. 



Petal, 161, 177, 179, 185, 186, 202, 205, 

 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 218, 

 247. 



Petaloideous Angiosperms (Dicoty- 

 ledons), 217; (Monocotyledons), 

 190, 197. 



Petiole, 201. 



Petunia, 213, Fig. 52. 



Phaeophyceae (Brown Algae), 49,64, 

 65, 66, 70, 78, 79, 263, 288; repro- 

 duction, 68, 288; structure, 67, 68, 

 69 ; Figs. 17, 18. 



Phalloideae, 242. 



Philodendron, 187. 



Phloem, 124. 



Phlox, 214, 238. 



Phosphorus, 2. 



