314 



INDEX 



Promycelium, 89, Fig. 23. 



Pronuba, 257. 



Proteaceae, 231. 



Protection against animals, 259, 2GO, 

 261, 272, 21)."). 



Proterandry, 250, 251. 



Proterogyny, 250. 



Prothallium (see " Gametophyte "). 



Protococcaceae, 42, 43, 44, 45, 4(5, 47, 

 48, 49, 50, 51, 57, GO, 76, 77, 78, 79, 

 98, Fig. 7. 



Protococcus, 280. 



Protomyxa, 32. 



Protonema, 63, 114, 115, Fig. 29. 



Protophyte, Protophyta, 16, 37. 



Protoplasm, 3, 4, 22, 23, 61, 72. 



Psilotum, Psilotaceae, 144, 147, 153. 



Pteridophyta, Pteridophytes (see 

 also "Ferns"), 16, 120, 122, 123, 

 124, 125, 126, 128, 130, 132, 139, 143, 

 144, 147, 148, 149, 152, 153, 156, 157, 

 158, 159, 160, 161, 169, 172, 175, 176, 

 184, 196, 223, 225, 268, 273, 290, 291, 

 292, 293, 294 ; embryo of, 129, 130, 

 131; fossil P., 154, 155; gameto- 

 phyte, 123, 126, 127; heterospory, 

 148; sexual organs, 128, 129; spo- 

 rangium, 132; spores, 132; sporo- 

 phyte, 123, 124, 130, 131. 



Pteris aquilina, 136. 



Puff-ball (Lycoperdon), 87, 90, 93, 94. 



Pyrenoid, 39, 59, Figs. t>, 13. 



Pyrenomycetes, 93. 



R 



Rafflesia, 279. 



Rag-weed (Ambrosia), 241. 



Rainfall (a factor in distribution), 



229, 237, 239. 

 Ranunculus, Ranunculaceae, 186, 207, 



208, 217, 246, 247, 270 ; E. aborti- 



vus, 246; R. Californicus, 246; 



R. Purshii, 270, Figs. 50, 59. 

 Rattan-palm, 278. 

 Ravenala, 193. 

 Ray flowers (of Compositse), 215, 



216. 

 Receptacle, 207. 



Red Algre (Rhodophyceae) , 49, 63, 



70, 72, 73, 74, 78, 79, 99, 222, 263, 



295, Figs. 19, 20. 

 Red-bud "(Cercis), 212. 

 Red cedar (Juniperus Virginiana), 



89, 90. 

 Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) , 



174, 227. 

 Reproduction, 3, 9, 25, 40, 41, 52, 55, 



58, 60, 62, 63, 65, 68, 69, 73, 78, 83, 

 104, 105, 264, 285. 



Respiration, 8, 24, 25. 

 Resting-spore (see also " Oospore," 

 "Zygospore"), 39, 41, 53, 54, 57, 



59, 60, 63, 264, 265; Chara, 63; 

 Confervacese, 53, 54; fresh-water 

 Algae, 264, 265; Fungi, 83, 85, 86; 

 Vaucheria, 57 ; Volvox, 41. 



Resurrection-plant (Selaginella lepi- 

 dophylla) , 273. 



Rh aphides, 260. 



Rhizoids, 86, 107, 126. 



Rhizome, 193, 264, 282. 



Rhododendron, 214, 240. 



Rhodophycese (see also "Red Al- 

 gae"), 49, 70, 72, 73, 74, 75, 78, 79; 

 color of, 71 ; continuity of proto- 

 plasm, 71; fresh-water R., 73; re- 

 production, 73, 74; Figs. 19, 20. 



Rhus (see " Sumach"). 



Ribes speciosum, 249. 



Riccia, 103, 106, 109, 110, 111, 118, 

 119, 122, Figs. 26, 27, 28, 33. 



Richardia, 246. 



Ricinus, 200, 209, Fig. 48. 



Rock-building Algse, 222. 



Rock-weed (Fucus), 69, 70, Fig. 18. 



Rocky Mountains, 232, 237. 



Root-hairs, 281. 



Roots, 21, 30, 67, 68, 69, 113, 120, 122, 

 126, 129, 130, 131, 141, 144, 145, 162, 

 170, 171, 172, 182, 183, 185, 189,204, 

 259, 267, 268, 276, 277 ; of Conifers, 

 170, 171, 172; of Cycads, 162; of 

 Dicotyledons, 189, 204; of Epi- 

 phytes, 277; of Equisetum, 141 ; of 

 Ferns, 122, 126, 127, 130, 131 ; Lyco- 

 pods, 144, 145; Monocotyledons, 

 183, 185, 268. 



