132 ACANTHOPTERYGII. 



Genus IV. Lichia, Cuvier. 



Porthmeus, Cuv. and Val. {young). 



Branchiostegals eight ; pseudobranchiai absent. Body oblong and compressed. 

 Cleft of mouth of moderate extent. Small teeth in the jaws, on the vomer, 

 palatine bones, and tongue. Two dorsal fins, the first consisting of free spines, 

 with an anterior one directed furivards : second dorsal low, with no finlets. Anal 

 somewhat similar to second dorsal, and with tivo pre-anal spines. Scales small. 

 Pyloric appendages in moderate or large numbers. Air-bladder present, bifurcated 

 posteriorly . 



Liitken, Spolia Atlantica, p. 600, observes that Porthmeus argenteus is the 

 young of Lichia amia not of a Chorinemus ; he considers L. amia as the type 

 of a genus distinct from Lichia, terming it Porthm,eus amia. He likewise 

 observes on L. calcar, JBL, being the young of a Chorinemus. 



Geographical distribution. From the British Isles to Madeira and the Cape 

 de Verd Islands, to the South Atlantic Ocean, from the coast of Africa to 

 Brazil. A species has been recorded from the coast of Chili in the South 

 Pacific. There are two species which have been found in the Mediterranean 

 and Atlantic, besides L. glauca. 



L. amia, D. 7/- T , A. 2/^\. The upper maxilla reaches to at least as far 

 as to below the hind edge of the eye : lateral-line with a semi-circular curve 

 above the pectoral fin. Mediterranean and Atlantic Ocean in the Eastern 

 Hemisphere. 



L. vadigo, D. ^I^.-^, A. Z/^z-*. The upper maxilla reaches to below 

 the hind edge of the eye : lateral-line slightly bent above the pectoral fin. 

 Mediterranean and also Madeira. 



1. Lichia glauca, Plate XLVII, fig. 1. 



Prima glauci species, Rondel, viii, c. 16, p. 252, c. fig. ; Willughby, p. 297. 

 Glaucvs, Gesner, 1598, f. 61, c. fig. Lampuge, Belon. p. 155. Scomber, No. 5, 

 Artedi, Genera, p. 52. 



Scomber glaucus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 494 ; Gmel. Linn. p. 1332 ; Bl. Schn. 

 p. 33 ; Shaw, Zool. iv, p. 593. 



Gasterosteus glaucus (Forst.), Bl. Schn. p. 539 ; Forst. Descrip. Anim. Cur. 

 Lichtenst. p. 5. 



Caranx glaucus, Lacep. iii, pp. 58, 66. 



Scomber asce?isionis, Shaw, Gen. Zool. iv, p. 593. 



Centronotus ghnicos, Risso, Ich. Nice, p. 194. 



Centronotus biuotatus, Rafin. Caratt. p. 43, t. viii, f. 2. 



Lichia glaucus (or glauca'), Risso, Eur. Merid. iii, p. 429 ; Cuv. and Val. viii, 

 p. 358, pi. ccxxxiv ; Val. in Webb, and Berth. lies Canar. p. 56, pi. xiii, f. 1 ; 

 Jenyns, Manual, p. 36G ; Yarrell, Brit. Fish. (Ed. 3) ii, p. 232, c. fig. ; Guichen. 

 Explor. Alger, p. 61; White, Catal. p. 34; Giinther, Catal. ii, p. 477; Canestr. 

 Faun. Ital. p. 110 ; J. Couch, Zool. 1859, xvii, p. 6333 ; Stuind. Ich. Span. u. 

 Port. 1868, p. 41 ; Giglioli, Catal. Pesc. Ital. 1880, p. 28 ; Moreau, Poiss. France, 

 ii, p. 454, c. tig. 



Albicore, Couch, Trans. Linn. Soc. xiv, p. 82. 



Derbio, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isles, ii, p. 139, pi. xcv. 



B. viii, D. 5-6 | ^Vt, P. 17, V- 1/5, A. 2/^- 2T , C. 17, Coec. pyl. 13-16. 

 Vert. 10/14. 



Length of head 4f to 5, of caudal fin 4 to 4|-, height of body 3| to 4 in the 

 total length. Eye diameter 3f to 4 in the length of the head, 1 diameter from 

 the end of the snout, and l-- apart. Lower jaw slightly the longer : the maxilla 



