GADID/E. 323 



Genus VIII Brosmius, Cuvier. 



Branchiostegals seven : pseudobranchice absent. Body moderately elongated, and 

 posteriorly compressed. A barbel beloio the chin. Teeth cardiform, present in the 

 jaws, vomer, and on the palatine bones. A single long dorsal and a single anal fin, 

 which are distinct from the caudal. Ventral with five rays. Scales small. 



Geographical distribution. In Europe from the polar region as far south in 

 the North Sea as off Yorkshire : while in the western hemisphere it extends as 

 low as to Cape Cod. 



Brosmius brosme, Plate XC, fig. 2. 



Brosme, Strom. Sondm. i, p. 272, t. i, f . 19 ; Pontopp. Norg. Nat. Hist, ii, 

 p. 207. Torsh, Pennant, Brit. Zool. (Ed. 177G) iii, p. 203, pi. lxxxix (Ed. 1812) 

 iii, p. 269, pi. lxxxvii ; Ascan. Icon, ii, p. 7, t. xvii. The Torsh-fish, Low, Fauna 

 Oread, p. 200. 



Gadus brosme, Mull. Prod. Zool. Dan. p. 41 ; Shaw, Zool. iv, p. 161 ; Fabr. 

 Faun. Grcenl. p. 149 ; Gmel. Linn, i, p. 1175 ; Lacep. ii, p. 450 ; Bl. Schn. p. 9 ; 

 Donovan, Brit. Fish, iii, pi. lxx ; Turton, Brit. Fauna, p. 92 ; Faber, Fischo Isl. 

 p. 84, 



Gadus torsh) Bonn. Atl. Ich. p. 51, pi. lxxxvii, f. 362. 



Gadus lubb, Euphras. Vet. Akad. Handl. 1794, p. 223, t. viii. 



Blennius torsh, Lacep. ii, p. 508. 



Unchelyopus lub and brosme, Bl. Sch. p. 51. 



Brosmius vulgaris, Flem. Brit. Anim. p. 194; Jenyns, Manual, p. 452; Yarrell, 

 Brit. Fish. (Ed. 1) ii, p. 197, c. fig. (Ed. 2) ii, p. 285 (Ed. 3) i,~ p. 591 ; Nilss. 

 Skan. Fauna, iv, p. 597 ; Kroyer, Dan. Fiske, ii, p. 215, c. fig. ; Parnell, Wern. 

 Mem. vii, p. 357, and Fish. Firth of Forth, p. 197 ; Malgren, Wiegm. Arch. 1864, 

 p. 297 ; Storer, Fish. Mass. p. 136 ; De Kay, New York Fauna, Fish. p. 289, 

 pi. xliv, f . 143 ; Thompson, Natural History of Ireland, iv, p. 186 ; Goode and 

 Bean, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. i, p. 362. 



Bfosmius Scotica, Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 301. 



Brosmius brosme, White, Catal. p. 95 ; Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil. 1863, 

 p. 242 ; Giinther, Catal. iv, p. 369 ; Mcintosh, Fish. St. Andrew's, p. 179; Cqllett, 

 Norges Fiske, p. 125 ; Winther, Ich. Dan. Mar. p. 35. 



Brosmius Americanus, Gill, 1. c. p. 242. 



Torsh, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isles, iii, p. 96, pi. cxlvih 



B. vii, D. (85)90-100,* P. 21-23, V. 5, A. (62)71-76, C. 35. 



Length of head 5, of caudal fin 9 to 9^, height of body 8 in the total length. 

 Eye diameters 4^ in the length of the head, 1| diameters from the end of the 

 snout, and 1 apart. Interorbital space nearly flat. The snout somewhat projects 

 beyond the upper jaw which last is slightly longer than the mandibles. The 

 maxilla reaches posteriorly to beneath the middle of the eye. Rather a deep 

 furrow extends from the occiput to the base of the dorsal fin. A short barbel 

 beneath the chin. Teeth cardiform, with an inner row in the lower jaw the 

 largest : while there exist some still larger ones mixed with cardiform ones on 

 the vomer and palatines : tongue toothless. Fins the fins-rays in the fresh 

 examples are very difficiilt to count, owing to their being covered by skin ; the 

 dorsal commences above the middle of the pectoral and is continued at nearly the 

 same height almost to the base of the caudal fin. The anal commences on a 

 line beneath about the thirty-fifth dorsal ray. Ventrals broad, thick, ending in 



* Donovan shows only forty-five rays in the dorsal fin, and thirty-seven in the anal, and gives 

 the same numbers in his text. In this he appears to have been copied by Fleming and Jcuyns, 

 while the error has been continued through the three editions of YarrelFs British Fishes. 



21* 



