172 PHYSOSTOMI. 



Genus IV. Gobio, Cuvier. 



Pseudobranchioj present. Body more or less elongated. Mouth inferior, upper 

 jaw slightly the longer ; when the mouth is open the lower jatv does not project beyond 

 the upper : lips of moderate thickness. A small maxillary barbel at the angle of the 

 mouth. Pharyngeal teeth in two rows, hooked and pointed at their extremities, 

 5 or 4, 2 or 3 3 or 2, 4 or 5. Dorsal fin short, with few rays (9 10), all of which 

 are articulated. Anal with few rays. Scales of moderate or rather large size. 

 A lateral-line present. 



The fishes which belong to this genus are naturally feeders on animal 

 substances, but they do not, therefore, invariably refuse vegetable food. 



1. Gobio fluviatilis, Plate CXXXI, fig. 2. 



Gobius fluviatilis, Rondel, p. 206 ; Gesner, p. 399 ; Aldrov. v, p. 612 ; Jonston, 

 lib. iii, tit. i, c. x, art. i, p. 139, fig. 16 ; Willugh. p. 264, t. Q8, f. 4. Cyprinus, 

 sp. Artedi, Genera, p. 4, no. 10, Species, p. 13, no. 5, and Synom. p. 11, no. 20 ; 

 Gronov. Zooph. no. 329 ; Ray, p. 123. Enchelyopus, Klein, Miss, iv, p. 60, no. 5, 

 t. xv, f. 5. Duhamel, Peches, iii, p. 497, pi. xxiii, f. 7. Gudgeon, Pennant, Brit. 

 Zool. (Ed. 1776) iii, p. 361 (Ed. 1812) iii, p. 476. 



Cyprinus gobio, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 526; Gmel. Linn. p. 1412; Bloch, 

 Fische Deuts. p. 57, t. viii, fig. 2; Bonn. Ency. Ich. p. 191, pi. lxxvii, f. 319; 

 Bl. Schn. p. 448 ; Lacep. v, p. 533 ; Donovan, Brit. Fish, iii, pi. lxxi ; Turton, 

 p. 107 ; Bowdich, Brit. F. W. Fish. pi. xv; Jenyns, Manual, p. 405 ; Jurine, Poiss. 

 Lac. Lem. p. 217, pi. xiv ; Gronov. ed. Gray, p. 178; Schlegel, Dieren Neder. 

 p. 100, pi. x, f. 4. 



Gobio fluviatilis, Flem. Brit. An. (1828), p. 186 ; Agassiz, Mem. Soc. Sc. Nat. 

 Neuch. i, p. 36 ; Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. 300, pi. 481 ; Bonap. Pesc. Eur. p. 27 ; 

 Nilss. Skan. Faun, iv, p. 300 ; Thompson, Nat. Hist. Ireland, iv, p. 135 ; Yarrell, 

 Brit. Fishes (ed. 1) i, p. 325, c. fig. (ed. 2) i, p. 371 (ed. 3) i, p. 383 ; Templeton, 

 Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837 (2) i, p. 410 ; Kroyer, Dan. Fisk. iii, p. 334, c. fig. ; Nordman, 

 in Demid. Voy. Russ. Merid. iii, p. 472 ; White, Catal. p. 61 ; Blanchard, Poiss. 

 France, p. 293, f. 57 ; Siebold, Suss. w. f. Mit, Eur. p. 112 ; Giinther, Catal. vii, 

 p. 172 ; Houghton, Brit. F. W. Fishes, p. 30, c. fig- ; Canestrini, Faun. Ital. 

 Pesc. p. 12 ; Giglioli, Catal. Pesc. Ital. p. 44 ; Moreau, Poiss. France, iii, p. 386. 



Tinea gobio, Swainson, Fish, ii, p. 285. 



Gobio veuatus, Bonap. Faun. Ital. Pesc. 



Gobio obtusirostris, Cuv. and Val. xvi, p. .311. 



Gobio vulgaris, Heckel and Kner, Suss. w. f. p. 90, f. 42, 43. 



Leuciscus gobio, Giinther, Fische Neckars, p. 44. 



Gobio pollinii, De Betta, Ittiol. Veron. p. 77. 



Gobio benacensis, Ninni, Cenni, p. 42. 



Gudgeon, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isles, iv, p. 20, pi. clxxxii. 



B. iii, D. 9-10 (f:f), P. 15-16, V. 8-9, A. 8 (|:f), C. 19, L. 1. 36-44, L. tr. 



Length of head 4 to 5, of caudal fin 51, height of body 4 to 5i or even 6 

 times in the total length. Eye high up, in or slightly behind the middle of the 

 length of the head, diameter 4f to 5 in the length of the head, If to 2 diameters 

 from the end of the snout, and 1| apart : interorbital space flattened. Dorsal 

 profile much more convex than that of the abdomen, which is nearly horizontal. 

 The proportions of this fish are subject to great modifications in accordance with 

 the localities it inhabits, the seasons, &c. Body compressed, becoming more so in 

 its caudal portion. Snout somewhat obtuse. Upper jaw the longer, the maxilla 

 does not extend so far posteriorly as to beneath the front edge of the orbit. 

 Barbels one at the maxilla usually reaching to below the middle of the eye, but 

 liable to variations in length. Fins dorsal commences about the centre of the 

 length of the fish excluding the caudal fin : the length of its base nearly equals 

 half its height : its first ray minute, its third, which is undivided, 4/5 the height 



