LAMNID^E. 297 



Family II LAMNIDjE. 



Mouth inferior, crescentic. Spiracles, if present, small. No nictitating 

 membrane to the eye. Gill-openings as a rule wide. The first dorsal fin situated 

 above the interspace between the pectoral and the ventral : an anal fin present. 



The following Genera have representatives in our seas : 



1. Lamna. Teeth lanceolate, large, and with smooth edges. A keel at the 

 side of the tail. 



2. Alopias. Teeth triangular, flat, and of moderate size, with smooth 

 edges. Caudal fin of great length. No keel at the side of the tail (p. 301). 



3. Sclache. Teeth very small, numerous, conical and smooth. A keel at 

 the side of the tail (p. 304). 



Genus I Lamna, Cuvier. 



Oxyrhina, Agassiz : Isurus, Rafin. 



Mouth wide. Spiracles, if present, minute. Teeth large, lanceolate, and with 

 smooth edges, occasionally with basal cusps. Gill-openings very large. Second 

 dorsal and anal fins small. A pit at the root of the caudal fin, the lower lobe of 

 which is well marked. A heel at the side of the tail. 



Geographical distribution. Temperate and tropical seas. 



1. Lamna cornubica, Plate CLVL 



Canis carcharias, Aldrov. p. 383, c. fig. Habrand, Ascan. Icon. pi. xxxi. 

 Porbeagle, Borlase, Cornwall, p. 2G5, pi. xxvi, f. 4 ; Pennant, Brit. Zool. (Ed. 

 1776) iii, p. 117 (Ed. 1812) iii, p. 152, and Beaumaris shark (Ed. 1776) iii, p. 118, 

 pi. xvii (Ed. 1812) iii, p. 154, pi. xx ; Goodenough, Trans. Linn. Soc. iii, p. 80, 

 pi. xv. Touille-bceuf, Loutre, and Taupe de mer, Duhamel, Peches, ix, p. 298, 

 pi. xx, f. 4. 



Squalus cornubicus, Gmel. Linn, i, p. 1497; Lacep. i, p. 216; Bl. Schn. 

 p. 132; Donovan, Brit. Fish, v, pi. cviii ; Turton, Brit. Fauna, p. 113; Risso, 

 Ich. Nice, p. 29 ; Neill, Wern. Mem. i, p. 549 ; Blainville, Fauna France, p. 96, 

 pi. xiv, f. 2 ; Jenyns, Manual, p. 500 ; Fries and Ekstr. p. 135, t. xxx ; 

 Templeton, M. N. H. 1837 (2) i, p. 413; Johnston, Berwick. N. H. F. C. 

 1838, i, p. 175. 



Squalus nasus and Pennantii, Walb. Artedi, iii, p. 517 ; Bonnaterre, Ency. 

 Ich. p. 10, pi. lxxxv, f. 350. 



Squalus glaucus, Gunner, Norsk. Vid. Selsk. Skr. iv, p. 1. 



Sqicalusmonensis,Sha,w, Zool. v, 2, p. 350; Jenyns, 1. c. p. 501; Yarrell, Brit. 

 Fish. (ed. 1) ii, p. 387, c. fig. 



Isurus oxyrinchus, Raff. Caratt. p. 12, t. xiii, f. 1. 



Lamia cornubicus, Risso, Ich. iii, p. 124. 



Lamna cornubica, Cuv. Regne Anim. ; Fleming, Brit. An. p. 168 ; Miiller and 

 Henle, p. 67; Yarrell, Brit. Fishes (ed. 1), ii, p. 384, c. fig. (ed. 2), ii, p. 515 

 (ed. 3), ii, p. 498; Parnell, Wern. Mem. vii, p. 413 ; Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 314 ; 

 Bonap. Faun. Ital. Pesc. pi. cxxxiv, fig. 2 ; Schlegel, Fauna Japon. Poiss. 

 p. 304 ; Thompson, Nat. Hist. Ireland, iv, p. 251 ; Richards. Fish. China and 

 Japan, p. 304 ; Kroyer, Damn. Fisk. iii, p. 852, c. fig. ; Nilss. Skand. Faun, iv, 

 p. 718 ; Dumeril, Ich. i, p. 405 ; Bocage and Capello, Peix. Plagiost. p. 12 ; 



