INDEX — GLOSSARY 



437 



man, 283 ; of gastropods, 238 ; of 

 Hydrozoa, iii; of medusEe, iii; of 

 pelecypods, 213, 221 ; of squids, 271. 



Otoliths, of cephalopods, 258 ; of pelecy- 

 pods, 213. 



Ovary, of cat, 330 ; of plants, 76. 



Oviparous, referring to animals whose 

 eggs are first laid and then hatched. 

 Opposed to viviparous. 



Ovule, 43, 56, 64, 77. 



Ovum (plu. ova), egg, of Annulata, 145; 

 of brachiopods, 186; of Bryozoa, 176; 

 of corals, 125; of echinoids, i6g; of 

 Hydrozoa, no; of mammals, 335; 

 of pelecypods, 216 ; of seed-plants, 56 ; 

 of sponges, loi ; of starfish, 153. 



Owls, gizzard of, 369. 



Oxen, 398. 



Oxidation, 2. 



Oxygen ; this enters into a loose chem- 

 ical union with haemoglobin and hsemo- 

 cyanin of the blood; in Amoeba, 86; 

 in Protozoa, 86. 



Oxyuris vermicularis, 141. 



Oyster, see Ostrea. 



Oyster drill, 218. 



Oysters, 151. 



Pad, of elephant's foot, 386. 



Palatoquadrate cartilage, 339. 



P oleaster, 163-165; P. cue harts, 164. 



Paleobotany, the study of fossil plants, 

 32. 



Paleocaris, 306. 



Paleodictyoptera, 318. 



Paleogeography, the study of the 

 geography of past geologic periods of 

 the earth's history ; interpretation of, 

 23 ; use of brachiopods in, 191. 



Paleohatteria, 355. 



Paleohemiptera, 320. 



Paleomastodon, 386, 387, 388. 



Paleontology, the study of the past life 

 of the earth. 



Paleophonus, 310. 



Paleospondylus, 337. 



Paleozoic, 407. 



Palets, of Teredo, 233, 233. 



Pallial, pertaining to the pallium, or 

 mantle, of mollusks and brachiopods. 



Pallial cavity, in gastropods, 234. 



Pallial line, 20Q, 214; simple, 220. 



Pallial sinus, in pelecypods, 20Q, 214, 

 220. 



Pallial sinuses, in brachiopods, 185, 189, 

 203. 



Palm bones, see metacarpals. 



Palmoxylon anchorus, yg. 



Palms, 77, 78, 7q; sago, 66. 



Palpebral lobe, 289, 2q6. 



Palpigrada, 316. 



Palps, labial, 212. 



Pancreas, 330. 



Panorpata;, 319. 



Pantotheria, 379. 



Paradoxides, 294 ; P. harlani, 2Q5. 



Paragastric cavity, 96, gg, 104. 



Parallelism in development, example of, 

 in the Litopterna and horses, 389. 



Paramaxium, 95. 



Par amy s delicatior, 380. 



Parapodium (plu. parapodia), 142, 143. 



Parasite, an organism which lives at the 

 expense of another organism. 



Parasitic plants, 29. 



P^renchyme, 176. 



Pariasaurus, 356. 



Parichnos, 52. 



Parietal bone, of cat, 325 ; of fishes, 346. 



Parrot, teeth in, 371. 



Parthenogentic, 301. 



Patapsco formation, flora of, 77 ; geo- 

 logic age of, 77. 



Patella, of cat, 325, 328; of mammals, 

 325, 328, 385. 



Patriojelis, 379, 381 ; P. Jerox, 380. 



Pearls, secretion of, 220. 



Pearly layer of the shell, in pelecypods, 



215- 



Vcdirly Nautilus, 251. 



Peat bogs, 4. 



Peccaries, in North America, 375. 



Pecopteris, 59; P. plunckneti, 59. 



Pecten, 230-232 ; P. gibhus borealis, 18, 

 230, 231, 232 ; P. gibbus irradians, 

 232 ; P. magellanicus , 232 ; blood of, 

 221; composition of shell of, 25; 

 development of, 231 ; dissoconch stage 

 of, 231, 231; evolution of, 231-232; 

 eyes of, 220, 230; method of swim- 

 ming, 231, 230 ; plicated stage of, 231, 

 231; prodissoconch of, 231, 231; 

 recapitulation in, 231-232; sex in, 

 221. 



