120 UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY— TERTIARY FLORA. 



when covered with the outer envelope, are broadly oval and a little smaller, 

 two and a half centimeters long, and two centimeters across when deprived 

 of their exocarp. This shelly covering is thin, straw-colored or yellowish, 

 smooth, and easily crushed, as represented in figs. 4 and 5; the endocarp 

 appears also thin and, like the kernel, soft and easily yielding to compression; 

 therefore few of these fruits are preserved in their original form. As seen in 

 figs. 6 and 7, the endocarp is very thinly lined in the length, a character 

 which is remarked only with the glass; and on one side they are indistinctly 

 marked by scars resembling the point of a chalaza with the raphis and the 

 hilum, as seen on the endocarp of some seeds. 



At first, considering only the specimens of the Raton, deprived of their 

 exocarp, and comparing them to the description of Carpolithes lineahis, 

 Newby., in Notes on the Later Extinct Floras, I supposed that these species 

 were perhaps identical. But after the examination of a number of fruits 

 found at Evanston (represented in pi. Ix, figs. 1 to 1 <f), which are more 

 distinctly related to Dr. Newberry's species, those described above were 

 perforce recognized as referable to far different kinds of vegetables. They 

 pertain to Palms by their form, their size, their double shelly pericarp, and, 

 indeed', resemble the fruits of some species of Iriartea, I. setigera, Mart., for 

 example; or of Leopoldlna, like L. pulchra. Mart. They are found very 

 numerous in certain localities of limited areas, as if they were derived from 

 a common support or a raceme. At least, the specimens of Golden and of 

 the Raton are mixed with cylindrical fragments, like branches and branchlets, 

 or clustered peduncles half destroyed by maceration, and to which these fruits 

 seem to have been originally attached; even with pieces of textile filaments, 

 like remnants of decomposed spathes. 



Habitat. — Raton Mountains {Dr. F. V. Hayden) ; Golden, very common, 

 with fragments of Sabal; Black Butte, above main coal. 



Paluiocarpon truncatum, sp. nov. 

 Plate XI, Figs. 6-9. 



Fruits eubglobular, slightly flattened, truncate on one side, covered with a brownish, smooth, 

 shelly envelope. 



In regard to their size, these fruits represent two species. As their 

 characters are, however, the same, and as the difference in size may result 

 from the relative position upon racemes of the same species but of different 

 age, I have considered them as varieties: var. major and var. minor. 



