606 Handbook of Nature-Study 



LESSON CLII 

 THE TULIPS 



Leading thought The tulips blossom early, because they have food 

 stored in the bulbs the year before, ready to use early in the spring. 

 There are many varieties ; each is worth studying carefully, and we should 

 all know how to grow these beautiful flowers. 



^Methods These observations may be made upon tulips in school 

 gardens or bouquets. The best methods of cultivating should be a part 

 of the garden training. For this, consult the seed catalogues ; also let the 

 pupils form some idea of the number of varieties from the seed catalogues. 

 Water-color drawings should be a large factor in studying the tulip. The 

 red varieties are best for beginning the study, and then follow with the 

 other colors; note differences. 



Observations i. What is the color of your tulip? Is it all the same 

 color ? Is the bottom of the flower different in color ? What is the pretty 

 shape of these different colors at the heart of the flower? 



2. Look at a tulip just opening. What causes it to appear so tri- 

 angular? Can you see that the three sepals are placed outside the petals? 

 Is there any difference in color between the sepals and petals on the inside 

 On the outside? Are the sepals and petals the same in length and shape? 

 Do you know the name given to this arrangement when sepals and petals 

 look alike in color? Are the three petals more satiny on the inside than 

 the sepals? Is the center part of the petal as soft as the edges? 



3. When the tulip flower bud first begins to show, where is it? What 

 color are the sepals which cover it? Describe the opening of the flower? 

 Do the green sepals fall off? What becomes of them? 



4. In the open flower, where is the seed-pod, and how does it look? 

 How do the anthers surround the seed-pod, or ovary? Describe the 

 anthers, or pollen-boxes? What color are they? What color is the 

 pollen? Do the anthers reach up to the stigma, or tip of seed-pod? 

 Where is the nectar in tulips? How do the insects become covered with 

 the pollen in reaching it? Do the flowers remain open during dark and 

 stormy days ? Why ? 



5. Describe the tulip stem and the leaves. Do the leaves completely 

 encircle the flower stem at the base? Are their edges ruffled? In the 

 sprouting plant, do these outer basal leaves enfold the leaves which grow 

 higher on the stem? Are the leaves the same color above and below? 

 What shade of green are they? 



6. After the petals have dropped, study the seed-pod. Cut it cross- 

 wise and note how many angles it has. How are these angles filled? 

 Should tulips be allowed to ripen seeds? AVhy not? 



7. Study a bulb of a tulip. There are outer and inner layers and a 

 heart. What part of the plant do the outer layers make? What part 

 does the center make? Where are the true roots of the tulip? 



8. When should tulip bulbs be planted? How should you prepare 

 the soil? How protect the bed during the winter? How long would it 

 take to grow the flowers from the seed? Where are most of our bulbs 

 grown ? Do you know about the history of tulips ? 



Supplementary reading Bulbs and Bulb-Culture, Peter Henderson ; 

 Plants and their Children, Dana, p. 216; Mary's Garden and How It Grew, 

 Duncan, Ch. XXVI ; Bulbs and How to Grow Them, Doubleday-Page Co. 



