58 POACEAE 



14. C. elongata (Kearney) Rydb. Tufted perennial; stem 7-12 dm. high; 

 leaf -blades 1-3 dm. long, usually flat, 3-8 mm. wide, scabrous; panicle 1-2 dm. 

 long, narrow but scarcely spike-like; empty glumes 3-4 mm. long, acute, very 

 scabrous; lemma somewhat shorter, scabrous; awn attached below the middle. 

 C. liypcrborea elongata Kearney. Wet meadows: Ont. Pa. Colo. Calif. 

 B.C. Plain Mont. Jl-Au. 



15. C. lucida Scribn. Perennial, with a slender rootstock; stem 2.5-4 dm. 

 high, slender with few marcescent sheaths at the base; leaf-blades 5-13 cm. long, 

 2-3 mm. wide, strongly involute, slightly scabrous on the margins and nerves; 

 panicle 4.5-7 cm. long, ovoid to lanceolate, strongly flexuose; empty glumes 

 about 3 mm. long, short-acuminate, strongly keeled, minutely hispidulous on 

 the keel; lemma slightly shorter; awn attached near the middle. C. laxiflora 

 Kearney. Meadows: Wyo. Au. 



16. C. micrantha Kearney. Perennial, with a slender, creeping rootstock; 

 stems 4-6 dm. high, slender; leaf-blades 5-20 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. wide, more or 

 less involute, filiform; panicle 5-8 dm. long, densely-flowered, purple or pale; 

 empty glumes 2 mm. long, scabrous; lemma slightly shorter; awn attached at or 

 below the middle. Wet places: Sask. Colo. Plain Mont. Jl-Au. 



17. C. neglecta (Ehrh.) Gaertn. Perennial, with a rootstock; stem 4-6 dm. 

 high, slender; leaves narrow, involute, soft, 5-15 cm. long; panicle contracted, 

 6-10 cm. long; branches mostly erect; empty glumes about 4 mm. long, gradually 

 acute; lemma about one-fourth shorter, obtuse; awn attached near the middle. 

 C. stricta Trin. Wet places: Greenl. Me. Wis. Colo. Ore. Alaska; Eu. 

 Plain Subalp. Jl-S. 



18. C. inexpansa A. Gray. Perennial, with a rootstock; stem usually 

 simple, 8-12 dm. high; leaf -blades 2-3 dm. long, 4 mm. wide or less, scabrous; 

 panicle 1.5-2 dm. long, usually nodding at the summit; empty glumes 4-4.5 mm. 

 long, very scabrous throughout, gradually acute; lemma scabrous, about as 

 long, acutish; awn inserted below the middle, about equalling the lemma. Wet 

 places: N.Y. N.J. S.D. Colo. Ida. Wash. B.C. Plain Submont. Jl- 

 Au. 



19. C. americana Scribn. Cespitose perennial, with numerous marcescent 

 sheaths at the base; stem 3-6 dm. high, scabrous above; leaf-blades 1-3 dm. long, 

 4-5 mm. wide, usually more or less involute, scabrous, stiff; panicle contracted, 

 7-15 cm. long, spike-like; empty glumes 3-4 mm. long, very scabrous; lemma 

 nearly as long, acute, scabrous; awn attached below the middle. C. hyperborea 

 Kearney, not Lange. Wet meadows: Lab. Vt. 'Neb. Colo. Calif. Alaska. 

 Plain Submont. Jl-Au. 



32. CALAMOVILFA Hack. REED-GRASS, SAND-GRASS. 



Tall perennials with horizontal rootstocks and elongated narrow leaf-blades. 

 Inflorescence a panicle. Spikelets flattened, 1-flowered, crowded, the rachilla 

 articulated above the empty glumes and not prolonged beyond the flower. Empty 

 glumes 2, unequal, persistent, rigid, chartaceous, awnless, keeled, 1-nerved; lemma 

 w r ith a ring of long hairs at the base, enclosing a 2-keeled palet and a perfect 

 flower. Stamens 3. Styles distinct; stigmas plumose. 



1. C. longifolia (Hook.) Hack. Perennial, with a long, scaly rootstock; 

 stem 6-20 dm. high, stout, smooth, and glabrous; leaf-blades 2-3 dm. long, stiff, 

 more or less involute; panicle 1-4 dm. long, pale, narrow; empty glumes 68 mm. 

 long, the first shorter than the second; lemma about as long as the second glume, 

 glabrous; callus-hairs copious, half as long as the lemma. Calamagrostis longi- 

 folia Hook. Sandy soil: Ont. Ind. 'Colo. 'Ida. Sask. Plain -Submont. 

 Je-S. 



33. DESCHAMPSIA Beauv. HAIR-GRASS. 



Perennials or annuals. Inflorescence a terminal contracted or open panicle. 

 Spikelets 2-flowered, the rachilla articulated above the empty glumes and pro- 

 longed beyond the flowers. Empty glumes 2, persistent, keeled, acute, mem- 



