164 LILIACEAE 



oval, acute or short-acuminate; capsule cylindric-ovoid. Closely related to the 

 eastern L. philadelphicum L. On hills and mountain-sides, among bushes: 

 Mont. N.M. Submont. Mont. Je-Jl. 



3. L. columbianum Hanson. Stem a meter or so high; leaves mostly 

 verticillate, lanceolate, acute, 5-8 cm. long, 6-15 mm. wide; petals and sepals 

 3-4 cm. long, in age reflexed, linear-lanceolate, red, spotted; capsule obovoid, 

 2-3 cm. long, 15 mm. or more thick. L. parviflorum (Hook.) Holz. In open 

 woods: B.C. 'Ida. Calif. Submont. JeAu. 



3. FRITILLARIA L. TIGER LILY, LEOPARD LILY. 



Simple leafy herbs, with thick-scaly bulbs. Flowers open, campanulate, 

 large, nodding; petals and sepals 3, nearly equal, oblong or ovate, deciduous, 

 each with a nectariferous pit at the base. Stamens 6, hypogynous, free; anthers 

 linear or oblong, attached at the base, not versatile. Ovary 3-celled; ovules 

 numerous; style slender, 3-cleft. Capsule obovoid, globose or cylindric, 6-angled. 

 Seeds numerous, flat, margined or winged. 



Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate. 1. F. lanceolaia. 



Leaves narrowly linear. 2. F. atropurpurea. 



1. F. lanceolata Pursh. Stem stout, 3-6 dm. high, leafless below, leafy 

 above, and 1-4-flowered; leaves in 1-3 verticils of 2's-4's, lanceolate or linear- 

 lanceolate, obtuse, 3-10 cm. long; flowers dark purple, mottled with greenish 

 yellow; petals and sepals lanceolate or oblong, acutish, 2-3 cm. long; capsule 

 less than 2 cm. long and fully 2.5 cm. broad. In rich soil: B.C. Calif. 'Ida. 

 Mont. Submont. Mr-My. 



2. F. atropurpurea Nutt. Stem slender, 1-4 dm. high, leafless below, 

 leafy above, 1-4-flowered; leaves mostly scattered, alternate or the upper ver- 

 ticillate, narrowly linear, 3-8 cm. long, 3 mm. wide; flowers dark purple, mottled 

 with yellowish green; petals and sepals elliptic to linear, 5-25 mm. long; capsule 

 about 15 mm. long and as wide. F. linearis Coult. & Fish. On hillsides among 

 bushes: Wash. Calif. N.M. N.D. Neb. Plain Submont. My-Je. 



4. OCHROCODON Rydb. YELLOW BELL. 



Simple leafy herbs, with scaly bulbs. Leaves mostly scattered. Flowers 

 yellow or orange, campanulate, nodding, solitary. Petals and sepals 3, oblong- 

 spatulate, obtuse. Stamens 6, free; anthers attached at the base. Ovary 3- 

 celled; style undivided; stigma slightly 3-lobed. Capsule obovoid, 3-valved. 



3. O. pudicus (Pursh) Rydb. Stem low, strict, 1-3 dm. high, generally 

 1 -flowered; leaves 1-5, scattered or sub verticillate, linear, 3-10 cm. long, rather 

 thick; flower yellow, or orange; petals and sepals oblong, obtuse, 12-20 mm. 

 long; fruit obovoid, 3-4 cm. long, and 15-22 mm. thick, erect. Fritillaria pudica 

 (Pursh) Spreng. In rich soil on hillsides: B.C. Calif. Utah Wye. Mont. 

 Submont. -Mont. Ap-My. 



5. ERYTHRONIUM L. DOG-TOOTH VIOLET, ADDER-TONGUE, 



STAR-STRIKERS. 



Low herbs, with membranous-coated corms and simple scapiform stems 

 bearing two leaves below. Flowers solitary or few, nodding; petals and sepals 

 lanceolate, distinct, with a nectariferous groove. Stamens 6, hypogynous, free; 

 anthers oblong to linear, attached at the end. Ovary 3-celled; ovules numerous 

 in each cell; style filiform, or thickened above, often 3-cleft. Capsule obovoid 

 or oblong, in ours bluntly 3-angled. 



Style more or less clavate. 



Anthers of the stamens subequal. 



Anthers 3-4 mm. long; rarely longer, light yellow. 1. E. parviflorum. 



Anthers 4-8 mm. long, usually purplish, in age yellowish. 



Petals 2-3 cm. long; their veins almost equal and equally distributed. 



2. E. obtusatum. 



Petals 3-5 cm. long (in secondary flowers sometimes smaller) ; midvein prom- 

 inent, separated from the next veins by rather broad veinless spaces, side 

 veins branched and arching towards the margin. 3. E. grandiflorum 



