448 MALACEAE 



2. PERAPHYLLUM Nutt. SQUAW APPLE, WILD CRAB. 



Low shrub, with gray branches. Leaves alternate, but crowded at the ends 

 of the branches, serrulate or entire, simple. Flowers perfect, regular, solitary 

 or 2 or 3 together. Hypanthium subglobose, adnate to the ovary. Sepals 5, 

 persistent. Petals 5, broad. Ovary of 2 carpels, but 4-celled by false parti- 

 tions intruded from the back. Pome fleshy, middle-sized, bitter; carpels cartil- 

 aginous. Stamens about 20. 



1. P. ramosissimum Nutt. A low shrub, 1-2 m. high; leaves narrowly 

 oblanceolate, obtuse or acute at the apex, acute at the base, 2-4 cm. long, spar- 

 ingly appressed-silky when young, coriaceous in age, sinuately crenate; teeth 

 when young tipped with deciduous glands; sepals triangular, reflexed, pubescent 

 within; petals orbicular, pale pink; fruit 15-18 mm. thick, glabrous, exceedingly 

 bitter. Dry hills: w Colo. s Utah n Calif. Ore. Son. Submont. My-Je. 



3. SORBUS L. MOUNTAIN ASH. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, pinnate; leaflets several, more or less 

 toothed; stipules deciduous. Flowers perfect, regular, in terminal compound 

 cymes. Hypanthium urn-shaped. Sepals 5, erect or spreading, in ours decidu- 

 ous. Petals white, spreading. Stamens many. Ovary inferior, adnate to the 

 hypanthium; styles usually 3, distinct; cells of the ovary as many, with 2 ovules 

 each. Fruit small, berry-like, in ours red and very acid; carpels cartilaginous. 



Leaflets acute or acuminate at the apex, serrate to near the base; inflorescence broad 



and flat-topped. 

 Leaflets linear-lanceolate, gradually acuminate, at least five times as long as broad. 



1. 5. anguslifolia. 

 Leaflets elliptic or oblong, abruptly acuminate or acute, 2-3 times as long as broad. 



2. S. scopulina. 

 Leaflets mostly rounded at the apex, entire towards the base; inflorescence small, usually 



round-topped. 3. S. occidentalis. 



1. S. angustifolia Rydb. A shrub 2-5 m. high; young twigs and inflo- 

 rescence sparingly pilose; leaflets usually 13, acute at the base, gradually acum- 

 inate at the apex, 3-7 cm. long, 7-15 mm. broad, finely and sharply serrate 

 throughout, glabrous, slightly paler beneath; inflorescence broad, flat-topped; 

 sepals triangular, acute; petals white, orbicular; fruit red, ellipsoid. Pyrus 

 sitchensis Piper, not Sorbus sitchensis Roemer. Mountain slopes: n Ida. w 

 Mont. Wash. Submont. Jl. 



2. S. scopulina Greene. A shrub 1-4 m. high; young twigs, petioles and 

 inflorescence sparingly villous; leaflets 11-13, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 

 rounded at the base, abruptly acute or acuminate, 3-6 cm. long, sharply and 

 doubly serrate, glabrate, pale beneath; fruit red, subglobose, 7-8 mm. broad. 

 Pirus sambucifolia Porter, not Cham. & Schlecht. Hillsides and ravines: Alta. 

 N.M. Ariz. Ore. B.C. Submont. Mont. Je-Jl. 



3. S. occidentalis (S. Wats.) Greene. A shrub 1-3 m. high; young twigs, 

 petioles, and inflorescence finely pubescent; leaflets 9-11, oblong, acutish at the 

 base, rounded or obtuse at the apex, 3-5 cm. long, paler beneath, rather evenly 

 serrate above, entire towards the base; fruit red, ellipsoid, 7-8 mm. long, 6-7 

 mm. broad. (?) S. sitchensis Roemer. Hills: Yukon Mont. Ore Alaska. 

 Submont. Mont. Je-Au. 



4. CRATAEGUS L.* HAW OR HAWTHORN. 



Small trees or shrubs, usually armed with thorns or spines. Leaves alternate, 

 petioled, simple, toothed and usually more or less lobed. Flowers in terminal 

 clusters, cymose or corymbose. Hypanthium cup-shaped or campanulate, 

 adnate to the ovary. Sepals 5, reflexed after anthesis. Petals 5, white or pink, 

 spreading, rounded. Stamen 5-25, inserted on the margin of the hypanthium; 

 filaments slender, incurved. Ovary inferior, of 1-5 carpels; styles 1-5, distinct. 

 Pome globose, pear-shaped, or ellipsoid, yellow, red, blue, or black, containing 

 1-5, bony and 1-seeded carpels. 



* With the assistance of Mr. W. W. Eggleston. 



