632 AMMIACEAE 



leaflets broadly ovate to lanceolate, thick, with prominent veins, sharply serrate, 

 with salient mucronate or cuspidate teeth, 2-4 cm. long, obtuse or acute; flowers 

 greenish or tinged with purple; fruit broadly elliptic, more or less scabrous, 4-5 

 mm. long; dorsal ribs nearly as prominent as the lateral ones. Mountains: 

 Mont. Wyo. Utah Ida. Submont. Mont. Jl-Au. 



12. A. Wheeleri S. Wats. Stem tall and stout, puberulent; leaves bitern- 

 ate; leaflets ovate-oblong, 5-7 cm. long, acute, incisely serrate, with broad, 

 mucronulate teeth; pedicels hispid; fruit broadly elliptic, 6 mm. long, somewhat 

 pubescent; dorsal ribs thick, narrower than the thick lateral ones. Wet places: 

 Utah. Son. 



13. A. ampla A. Nels. Stem stout, 1.5-2.5 m. high, glabrous, purplish; 

 leaves ternate, then twice pinnate; leaflets ovate or obovate, short-acuminate, 

 serrate or toothed, 5-20 cm. long; bractlets setaceous; fruit broadly oblong, 

 glabrous, 5-7 mm. long; dorsal ribs sharp, hardly winged; lateral wings narrow 

 and thin. Wet meadows and stream banks: Wyo. Colo. Jl-S. 



36. PASTINACA L. PARSNIP. 



Stout caulescent biennial, with thick taproot. Leaves pinnately compound, 

 with broad leaflets. Flowers yellow in large umbels. Calyx-teeth obsolete. 

 Stylopodium flat. Dorsal and intermediate ribs slender, the lateral ones strongly 

 winged. Fruit oval or elliptic, glabrous. Seed-face plane. 



1. P. sativa L. Biennial, with a fusiform root; stem 6-15 dm. high; leaves 

 pinnate; leaflets ovate or oval, sessile, 2-12 cm. long, lobed and incised or den- 

 tate; fruit broadly oval, 5-7 mm. long, 4-6 mm. broad, glabrous. Roadsides 

 and waste places: Vt. Fla. Calif. B.C..; escaped from cultivation; native 

 of Eu. 



37. HERACLEUM L. Cow PARSNIP, Cow CABBAGE. 



Tall stout leafy-stemmed perennials. Leaves ternately compound, with 

 large, broad leaflets. Flowers white, in large umbels. Bracts deciduous; bract- 

 lets numerous. Calyx-teeth small or obsolete. Stylopodium thick, conic. 

 Fruit broadly obovate, strongly flattened dorsally, pubescent. Dorsal and 

 intermediate ribs filiform; lateral ribs with broad wings, contiguous to those of 

 the other carpel, strongly nerved towards the outer margin. Oil-tubes solitary 

 in the intervals, conspicuous, about half as long as the carpels, 2-4 on the com- 

 missural side. Seeds very strongly flattened; face plane. 



1. H. lanatum Michx. Tall perennial; stem stout, 1-2.5 m. high, villous, 

 especially above; leaves ternate; sheaths much dilated; leaflets stalked, round- 

 cordate, 1-3 dm. broad, palmately cleft and incised; bracts and bractlets subu- 

 late; fruit obcordate, about 1 cm. long, somewhat pubescent. Wet ground: 

 Vt. N.C. Calif. Alaska. Plain Mont. Je-Au. 



38. SPHENOSCIADIUM A. Gray. 



Thick-rooted perennials, with stout stems, glabrous up to the inflorescence. 

 Leaves once or twice pinnate, with much dilated petioles. Flowers white or 

 sometimes purplish, in umbellate heads. Calyx-teeth obsolete. Stylopodium 

 small, at first flat, becoming conic. Fruit flattened dorsally, cuneate-obovate, 

 hirsute. Carpels strongly flattened, strongly ribbed below, winged above; the 

 dorsal and intermediate wings narrow, the lateral ones broader. Oil-tubes soli- 

 tary in the intervals, 2 on the commissural side. Seed-face plane. 



1. S. capitellatum A. Gray. Perennial, with a short caudex and thick 

 root; stem stout, 3-15 dm. high; leaves twice pinnate, glabrous; leaflets lance- 

 olate to oblong or nearly linear, serrate to laciniate, or of the lower leaves entire ; 

 inflorescence white-villous ; branches 4-15, 2.5-5 cm. long; fruit cuneate-obovoid, 

 about 5 mm. long. Wet meadows: Ore. Ida. Calif. Son. Jl-Au. 



39. CONIOSELINUM Fisch. HEMLOCK-PARSLEY. 



Glabrous perennials, with a thick root. Leaves ternate, and then pinnately 

 decompound, with toothed leaflets. Flowers white, in large umbels. Bracts 



