842 CARDUACEAE 



4. COLEOSANTHUS Cass. 



Herbs or shrubs, with opposite or alternate leaves. Heads discoid with 

 white, ochroleucous or pink flowers, paniculate, cymose, or rarely solitary. Invo- 

 lucre campanulate or oblong, its bracts striate, imbricate in several series. Re- 

 ceptacle flat or convex, naked. Disk-corollas regular, slender, 5-lobed. Anthers 

 obtuse at the base. Style-branches elongate, obtuse, thickened upwards. 

 Achenes 10-ribbed. Pappus simple, of numerous, long, scabrous or barbellate 

 bristles. [Brickellia Ell.] 



Leaf-blades ovate-cordate or deltoid. 



Leaves subsessile or short-petioled, ovate, veiny, spinulose-toothed, acuminate; 



bracts firm-chartaceous, 3-6 mm. wide. 1. C. atractyloides. 



Leaves slender-petioled, not spinulose-toothed; bracts thin, 2 mm. wide or less. 

 Heads 30-50-flowered. 



Leaves thin, minutely puberulent; their teeth usually broadly triangular, 



acute; peduncles usually longer than the heads. 2. C. grandiflorus. 



Leaves thicker, densely scabrous-pubescent, veiny, their teeth rounded-ovate, 



obtuse or mucronate. 3. C. umbellatus. 



Heads 9-25-flowered. 



Tips of the bracts not. spreading ; leaf-blades 2-5 cm. long. 



Leaves distinctly petioled; blades subcordate, 2-5 cm. long. 



Leaves firm, crenate-dentate. 4. C. albicaulis. 



Leaves thin, crenate. 5. C. tener. 



Leaves short-petioled; blades lanceolate, 1-4 cm. long. 6. C. brachyphyllus. 

 Tips of the bracts squarrose-spreading ; leaf-blades less than 1 cm. long. 



Leaves on the peduncles many, passing into the bracts; inner bracts much 

 longer than the outer ones; upper parts of the plant velutinous and 

 glandular. 

 Stem and pedicels glandular-villous ; head about 13 mm. high, 20-24- 



flowered; achenes 4-4.5 mm. long. 7. C. microphyllus. 



Stem lanulose; heads about 11 mm. high, about 1-8-flowered; achenes 



about 3.5 mm. long. 8. C. Watsonii. 



Leaves on the peduncles few; bracts gradually increasing in length up- 

 wards; plant scabrous-puberulent. 9. C. scaber. 

 Leaves linear or oblong, sessile. . 

 Heads 30-40-flowered. 



Achenes glandular; bracts comparatively firm. 10. C. oblongifolius. 



Achenes hispidutous on the angles, not glandular; bracts thin. 



11. C. Unifolius. 

 Heads 3-5-flowered. 12. C. longifolius. 



1. C. atractyloides (A. Gray) Kuntze. A shrub, 2-5 dm. high, divaricately 

 branched; young branches straw-colored and shining; heads solitary, 1.5 cm. high; 

 involucre campanulate; bracts ovate, acuminate, puberulent. C. venulosm A. 

 Nels. Brickellia atractyloides A. Gray. Rocky ravines: s Utah Ariz. Calif. 

 Nev. L. Son. Ap-Je. 



2. C. grandiflorus (Hook.) Kuntze. Stem 6-10 dm. high, paniculately 

 branched, puberulent or glabrate, straw-colored; head paniculate-cymose, nod- 

 ding, 12-15 mm. high; lower bracts ovate, abruptly acuminate, the inner linear- 

 oblong, obtuse or acutish; pappus-bristles scabrous. Brickellia grandiflora Nutt. 

 Canons, badlands, and draws: Alta. Colo. Utah Ore. Wash. Submont. 

 Mont. Jl-S. 



3. C. umbellatus Greene. Stems 3-6 dm. high, minutely puberulent; leaf- 

 blades deltoid, 3-6 cm. long, scabrous-puberulent; heads nodding in congested, 

 umbel-like clusters, 10-12 mm. high; outer bracts ovate, pubescent and ciliate- 

 acuminate, the innermost linear. C. congestus A. Nels. C. Garrettii A. Nels. 

 C. minor (A. Gray) Daniels. Brickellia grandiflora minor A. Gray. Hillsides 

 and canons' N.M. Ariz. Wyo. Submont. Mont. Jl-S. 



4. C. albicaulis Rydb. Shrubby at the base, 0.5-1 m. high; bark of the 

 younger branches straw-colored or grayish, hirsute-puberulent ; leaves short- 

 petioled; blades broadly cordate, strongly veined, thick, scabrous-puberulent, 

 crenate-dentate; heads 2-6, in small axillary clusters on short peduncles, 10-20- 

 flowered; lower bracts short-ovate, the inner linear, all acutish or obtuse; corolla 

 cream-colored; pappus white. Canons and foothills : Colo. Utah N.M. Sub- 

 mont. Mont. Au-S. 



5. C. tener (A. Gray) Kuntze. Shrubby at the base; leaves petioled; 

 blades long-ovate, abruptly contracted at the base, 3.5-4.5 cm. long, crenate; 



