THISTLE FAMILY 907 



glabrous except the ciliate margins, 3-10 cm. long; stem-leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 sessile; heads 1-9; involucre about 15 mm. wide, glandular-puberulent, only 

 with a few hirsute hairs below; bracts linear-subulate; ligules usually light purple, 

 numerous, about 8 mm. long. Meadows: Wyo. Colo. e Utah. Submont. 

 Subalp. Jl-Au. 



61. E. Smithii Rydb. Stem simple, glabrous or nearly so below, glandular- 

 puberulent above; basal leaves 6-10 cm. long, petioled, oblanceolate or spatu- 

 late; upper stem-leaves lanceolate, sessile, more or less clasping; heads 1-5; invo- 

 lucre about 6 mm. high; ligules purplish, 10-12 mm. long. Mountains: Colo. 

 Utah. Submont. Mont. 



62. E. formosissimus Greene. Stem stout, about 3 dm. high, rather 

 densely long-hirsute; basal leaves oblanceolate, 5-10 cm. long, sparingly hirsute 

 on both sides; stem-leaves lanceolate, sessile; heads 1-3; involucre about 18 mm. 

 broad; bracts linear, usually copiously hirsute as well as glandular-puberulent; 

 ligules lilac or rose-colored, fully 1 cm. long. Mountains: Colo. N.M. Sub- 

 mont. Jl-Au. 



63. E. viscidus Rydb. Stem ascending, 1-5 dm. high, more or less hirsute 

 and glandular-puberulent; basal leaves 3-5 cm. long, oblanceolate, dark green, 

 sparingly hirsute and ciliate on the entire margins; stem-leaves lanceolate, ses- 

 sile; heads few; involucres about 8 mm. high and 15 mm. broad; bracts very 

 numerous, narrowly linear, acuminate; ligules very numerous, pale blue or rose- 

 colored, about 8 mm. long and 5 mm. wide. E. iodanthus Greene. E. hirtuosus 

 Greene, a less glandular form. Mountains: Colo. N.M. Utah Ariz. Mont. 



Subalp. Je-Au. 



64. E. philadelphicus L. Stem 3-10 dm. high, branched above, soft-hir- 

 sute; basal leaves oblanceolate, 5-15 cm. long, scarcely petioled, softly pubes- 

 cent; lower stem-leaves oblong, the upper lanceolate, acute, half clasping; invo- 

 lucres 4-5 mm. high, 8-12 mm. broad, sparingly hirsute; bracts broadly linear, 

 acute; ligules white or pinkish, 5-6 mm. long. Wet fields, meadows, and wood- 

 lands: Lab. Fla Calif. B.C. My-Au. 



65. E. purpureus Ait. Stem 3-10 dm. high, sparingly hirsute or glabrate 

 above; basal leaves 8-15 cm. long, oblanceolate, acute, sparingly pubescent; 

 upper leaves triangular-lanceolate or ovate, with a broad cordate base, acumin- 

 ate; involucres 5 mm. high, 10-12 mm. broad; bracts broadly linear; ligules rose 

 or reddish purple, 8-10 mm. long. Wet meadows: Hudson Bay Mont. Wash. 

 Mack. Je-Jl. 



66. E. asper Nutt. Stem strict, erect, 2-3 dm. high, shortly hirsute-strigose ; 

 lower leaves linear-oblanceolate, 3-6 cm. long, entire or rarely minutely den- 

 ticulate, short-pubescent; upper stem-leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate; heads 

 1-4; involucres 5-6 mm. high, about 1 cm. wide, hirsute; ligules white, 7-8 mm. 

 long. E. anicularum Greene. Prairies and hills: Man. N.D. Alia. Plain 

 Submont. Je-Jl. 



67. E. oblanceolatus Rydb. Stem 3-5 dm. high, strigose; lower leaves ob- 

 lanceolate, winged-petioled, 5-10 cm. long; upper leaves lanceolate or linear- 

 lanceolate; heads 1-4; involucres 7-9 mm. high, 15-20 mm. broad; ligules numer- 

 ous, pink or purple, 10-12 mm. long. Plains and meadows: Mont. Wyo. 

 Utah Ida. Plain Submont. Je-Au. 



68. E. consobrinus Greene. Stem strict, 3-6 dm. high, hirsute with short 

 spreading hairs; lower leaves oblanceolate, 5-8 cm. long, entire or denticulate, 

 short-hirsute; stem-leaves linear-lanceolate, sessile; involucres 6-8 mm. high, 12- 

 18 mm. broad; ligules numerous, white, turning pinkish, about 1 cm. long. E. 

 fraternus Greene. Mountain valleys: Colo. Submont. Mont. Je-Au. 



69. E. Drurnmondii Greene. Stem 2-4 dm. high, strict; lower leaves ob- 

 lanceolate, short-petioled, densely hirsute, entire or denticulate; upper leaves 

 lance-linear; heads 1-4, with long peduncles; involucres 6-7 mm. high, 10-15 mm. 

 broad; ligules numerous, very narrow, about 1 cm. long, pink or lilac. E. gla- 

 bellus pubescens Hook. Hillsides and mountains: Alta. Mont. B.C. Yu- 

 kon. Plain. Je-Au. 



