914 CARDUACEAE 



series. Receptacle convex, chaffy. Paleae of the pistillate flowers barely con- 

 cave, scarious, deciduous, those of the central flowers similar or with woolly 

 tips. Marginal flowers pistillate, fertile, with filiform corollas, and 2 style- 

 branches. Central flowers 2-5, hermaphrodite and usually sterile, with undi- 

 vided styles. Achenes obcompressed, smooth or very minutely papillose. Pap- 

 pus wanting. [Evax DC., in part.] 



1. D. prolifera Nutt. Stem erect, simple or with ascending branches from 

 the base, loosely tomentose; leaves spatulate, 1 cm. long or less, loosely tomen- 

 tose; heads in terminal glomerules, subtended by a rosette of leaves, from which 

 later develop 1-4 branches bearing similar terminal glomerules; involucres 

 cylindraceous or oblong; paleae subtending the fertile flowers chartaceous-scarious, 

 naked; those subtending the staminate flowers herbaceous and woolly-tipped. 

 Evax prolifera Nutt. Filago prolifera (Nutt.) Britton. Dry ground: S.D. Ark. 

 -Tex. Ariz. Colo. Plain, My-Jl. 



54. OGLIFA Cass. 



Low tomentose erect annuals. Leaves alternate. Heads glomerate, dis- 

 coid. Involucres oblong or campanulate; bracts scarious, in several series. Re- 

 ceptacle convex or conic, chaffy; paleae or bractlets of the marginal flowers boat- 

 shaped, rather few, enclosing the achenes and stellate-spreading at maturity. 

 Marginal flowers pistillate, with filiform corollas, each subtended by a palea and 

 without pappus. Middle flowers surrounded by a series of open paleae; a few of 

 the central ones hermaphrodite, the others pistillate, all fertile and with a pappus 

 of capillary bristles'. Anthers sagittate at the base. Achenes terete or slightly 

 compressed, those of the marginal flowers oblique. 



1. O. californica (Nutt.) Rydb. Annual; stem erect, 1-2 dm. high, more 

 or less branched, with erect-ascending branches; leaves linear or linear-oblong, 

 1-2 cm. long; marginal flowers 8-10, their paleae ovate, very woolly; inner 

 paleae oblong, concave, nearly glabrous; achenes oblong, sub terete, minutely 

 papillose-granular. Filago californica Nutt. Open dry grounds: Ariz. s Utah 

 -Calif. L. Son. Mr-My. 



55. ANTENNARIA Gaertn. CATS-PAWS, EVERLASTING. 



Woolly perennial herbs, usually stoloniferous or soboliferous. Leaves al- 

 ternate, the basal ones in the stoloniferous species forming rosettes. Heads dis- 

 coid, usually corymbose, dioecious. * Involucres many-flowered; bracts imbricate, 

 in several series, those of the staminate heads often broader; receptacle flat, not 

 chaffy. PistiUate flowers fertile, their corollas filiform, truncate. Styles with 

 2 branches; pappus-bristles capillary, united at the base and falling off together. 

 Staminate or rather hermaphrodite flower with tubular, 5-lobed corollas, rudi- 

 mentary styles and ovaries, and usually with pappus-bristles somewhat clavate 

 at the apex. Anthers caudate at the base. Achenes terete or nearly so. 



Pappus-bristles of the staminate heads with clavate or scarious-dilated tips. 

 Plants surculose-proliferous with prostrate leafy stolons. 

 Plant caulescent. 



Heads racemose or paniculate, long-peduncled ; involucres almost glabrous. 



I. RACEMOSAE. 



Heads in cymose clusters or rarely solitary; involucres woolly at the base. 

 Bracts of the involucres with green or brown upper portion. 



II. ALPINAE. 



Bracts of the involucres with white or pink upper portion. 

 Heads 5-8 mm. high. 



Bracts usually with bright pink upper portion. 



III. ROSEAE. 



Bracts with white upper portion. 



Leaves of the stolons narrowly oblanceolate, 1.5-5 cm. long; 



bracts with dark spots. IV. NARDINAE. 



Leaves of the stolons rhombic to spatulate, 0.5-3 cm. long; bracts 



with dark spots only in no. 23. V. ARIDAE. 



Heads 8-12 mm. high. 



* The staminate plants are usually much less common than the pistillate ones (except 

 in no. 13) and unknown to the author in nos. 5, 8, 9, 18, and 20. The pistillate flowers 

 often produce seeds, without being fertilized by pollen. 



