CHICORY FAMILY 1019 



2. N. californica (Nutt.) Greene. Stem glabrous, 5-10 dm. high, panicu- 

 lately branched; leaves oblong, 5-15 cm. long, lanceolate, runcinate-pinnatifid, 

 the cauline ones somewhat clasping; bracts 12-15, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 12-15 mm. long; ligules white; beak of the achenes slender. R. californica Nutt. 

 Moist ground: Calif. s Utah Ariz. L. Son. Ap-Je. 



5. TRAGOPOGON (Tourn.) L. SALSIFY, OYSTER PLANT. 



Tall perennial herbs, with fleshy taproots and long alternate grass-like leaves 

 clasping at the base. Involucres nearly cylindric; bracts in a single series, united 

 at the base. Flowers many, yellow or purplish; ligules truncate and 5-toothed 

 at the apex. Achenes muricate, 5-10-ribbed, produced at the apex into a dis- 

 tinct beak. Pappus of plumose bristles connate at the base. 



Flowers yellow. 



Bracts 8-9; flowers chrome yellow; involucral bracts equalling or shorter than the 



flowers. 1. T. pratensis. 



Bracts 10-13, rarely less; flowers lemon yellow; involucres longer than the flowers. 



2. T. dubius. 

 Flowers purple; involucral bracts much longer than the flowers. 3. T. porrifolius. 



1. T. pratensis L. Stem 3-6 dm. high, glabrous; leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 long-attenuate; peduncles scarcely fistulose, little if at all thickened below the 

 heads; bracts linear-lanceolate, attenuate, 2.5-3 cm. long; outer achenes muricate. 

 Fields and waste places: N.B. N.J. Utah Mont. Man.; adv. or nat. from 

 Eu. Je-Au. 



2. T. dubius Scop. Stem 5-10 dm. high, glabrous; leaves clasping, lanceo- 

 late, attenuate; peduncles fistulose, gradually thickening upwards; bracts green, 

 linear-lanceolate ; achenes strongly tuberculate. Waste places: Colo.; escaped 

 from cultivation. 



3. T. porrifolius L. Stem 6-10 dm. high, glabrous; leaves clasping, with 

 lanceolate bases, long-attenuate; peduncles distinctly fistulose, gradually thick- 

 ened below the head; bracts 8-10, linear-lanceolate, long-attenuate, 3-5 cm. 

 long; outermost achenes strongly muricate. Fields and waste places: Ont. N.C. 



N.M. Utah; Calif. B.C.; escaped from cultivation. Je-Au. 



T. dubius X porrifolius. Corolla very pale purplish; involucral bracts 9-13. With 

 the parents. Colo. 



T. porrifolius X pratensis. Corolla pale lilac; involucral bracts 8-10, mostly 8. With 

 the parents. Ont. N.J. Colo. Mont. 



6. HYPOCHAERIS L. CAT'S-EAR, GOSMORE. 



Subscapose annuals or perennials. Leaves mostly in basal clusters or rosettes, 

 often lyrate. Involucres campanulate; bracts rather few, but imbricate and the 

 outer successively shorter. Receptacle chaffy; paleae thin and narrow. Flow- 

 ers yellow. Achenes fusiform or oblong, 10-ribbed, tapering at the top into a 

 more or less distinct beak. Pappus of capillary plumose bristles, or some of the 

 outer bristles shorter and not plumose. 



1. H. radiata L. Perennial; stem 5-20 dm. high, corymbosely branched, 

 almost leafless; basal leaves lyrate-pinnatrfid, with the lateral lobes oblong, ob- 

 tuse, hirsute; involucre about 25 mm. high; ligules 7-10 mm. long. Waste places 

 and fields: N.Y. N.J. Colo.; Calif. B.C.; adv. or nat. from Eurasia. My-O. 



7. ADOPOGON Neck. 



Perennial herbs with pale green foliage. Leaves mainly basal. Involucre 

 campanulate; bracts in 1 or 2 subequal series, without calyculum. Receptacle 

 naked. Flowers yellow. Achenes oblong or somewhat turbinate, 15-20-ribbed, 

 beakless. Pappus of 10-15 outer short squamellae and 15-20 capillary inner 

 bristles. 



1. A. virginicus (L.) Kuntze. Stem glabrous, 3-6 dm. high, 1- or 2-leaved, 

 branched above; basal leaves spatulate, wing-petioled, runcinately lobed, toothed, 

 or entire, 5-10 cm. long; cauline leaves partly clasping, with a broad base; bracts 

 10-15, linear-lanceolate, acutish, glabrous, 8-10 mm. long; flowers orange 



