806 PLANTAGINACEAE 



5. P. septata Morris. Perennial; leaves short-petioled ; blades narrowly 

 lanceolate, entire, about 1.5 dm. long, 1.5 cm. wide, 5-ribbed, woolly; scape 

 about 15 cm. high, woolly, especially below; spike about 5 cm. long, in fruit 

 rather loose; bracts and sepals rounded-ovate, scarious-margined, obtuse, 2 mm. 

 long, glabrous; pyxis finely reticulate, circumscissile one-third from the base, 

 oblong, rounded at the apex. Plains and gulches: Alaska Mont. Mack. 

 Plain Subarctic. Je-Au. 



6. P. lanceplata L. A biennial or perennial; leaves 4-30 cm. long, linear- 

 elliptic to elliptic, acute, 3-7-ribbed, entire or denticulate, hairy at the base; 

 scapes 1-7 dm. long; spike dense, 1-8 cm. long; calyx-lobes 2-3 mm. long, broadly 

 oblong, obtuse; capsule oblong, circumscissile at the middle, 2-seeded. Lawns 

 and waste places: N.B. Alaska Colo. Fla.; nat. from Eu. Plain. Ap-N. 



7. P. aristata Michx. Annual; leaves linear, acuminate, pubescent, 3- 

 ribbed, 1-5 mm. wide; scape stout, erect, 7-30 cm. long; spike 3-12 cm. long, 

 pubescent; bracts 1-3 cm. long; sepals spatulate-oblong, obtuse; corolla-lobes 

 ovate, spreading; pyxis 2.5-3 mm. long, circumscissile at the middle; seeds 2. 

 Dry soil: Me. B.C. N.M. Fla. Plain. My-O. 



8. P. spinulosa Decne. Annual; leaves linear, acuminate, 3-ribbed, 3-6 

 mm. wide, villous; scape 5-10 cm. long; spike interrupted, 3-7 cm. long, villous; 

 bracts 7-15 mm. long, spreading; sepals spatulate-oblong, obtuse; corolla-lobes 

 ovate, spreading; capsule 2.5 mm. long, obtuse, circumscissile at the middle, 

 2-seeded. Sask. Alta. Tex. Plain. My-O. 



9. P. xerodea Morris. Annual; leaves linear, 3-20 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, 

 glabrate or villous; scape 1-20 cm. high, pubescent; spike 1-6.5 cm. long; bracts 

 herbaceous, linear, attenuate, the lower three times as long as, the upper merely 

 equalling the flowers, scarious-margined at the base; sepals oblong, scarious, with 

 green rib; pyxis round-ovate, circumscissile just below the middle. P. picta 

 Morris. Arid regions: Ariz. s Utah s Calif. L. Son. 



10. P. Purshii R. & S. Annual; leaves ascending, linear, or nearly so, acute, 

 short-petioled, 3-ribbed, 3-8 cm. long, entire, woolly; scape 5-35 cm. long; spike 

 dense, cylindric, 2-12 cm. long, very villous; sepals oblong, obtuse, scarious- 

 margined; corolla-lobes ovate, spreading; pod oblong, circumscissile about the 

 middle, 2-seeded. P. graphalioides Nutt. Plains and river valleys, in sandy 

 soil: Ont. Sask. B.C. Ariz. Tex. Mo. Plain Mont. My-Au. 



11. P. scariosa Morris. Annual; leaves linear or lance-linear, 2-4 cm. long, 

 2-4 mm. wide, obscurely 3-ribbed, white-villous; scape 3-12 cm. long, villous; 

 spike 6-20-flowered, globose to oblong, 5-18 mm. long, densely villous; bracts 

 scarious, with green rib, ovate, obtuse; sepals similar, with green or purple rib; 

 pyxis twice as long as the sepals, circumscissile just below the middle. Arid 

 places: Calif. Utah Ariz. Son. 



12. P. elongata Pursh. Annual; leaves cinereous-pubescent, linear, entire 

 or nearly so, 1-ribbed, 3-10 cm. long, 0.5-2 mm. wide; scape 3-8 cm. high; spike 

 1-10 cm. long; bracts triangular-ovate, scarious-margined, 2 mm. long; corolla- 

 lobes triangular, 0.5 mm. long; pyxis oblong-ovate, rounded at the apex, cir- 

 cumscissile just below the middle. P. myosuroides Rydb. Wet places: Sask. 

 Okla. Utah. Alta. 



FAMILY 122. RUBIACEAE. MADDER FAMILY. 



Herbaceous or woody plants, with opposite or apparently verticillate 

 leaves and usually perfect, but often dimorphous or trimorphous, regular 

 and symmetrical flowers. Ovary inferior, sunken into and adnate to the 

 hypanthium. Corolla in ours funnelform or rotate, gamopetalous and 3-5- 

 lobed. Stamens as many as the lobes of the corolla and alternate with them ; 

 filaments adnate to the corolla; anthers mostly linear-oblong. Ovary in 

 ours 2-celled, ripening into a didymous indehiscent, dry or fleshy fruit. 

 Ovules solitary in each cell. Endosperm in our genera fleshy or horny. 



